Lisinopril anxiety
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Lisinopril and Its Impact on Anxiety: A Comprehensive Review
Introduction to Lisinopril and Anxiety
Lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is primarily used to manage hypertension. Recent studies have explored its potential effects on anxiety-like behavior, particularly in hypertensive models. This article synthesizes findings from multiple research papers to provide a clear understanding of how lisinopril may influence anxiety.
Lisinopril's Effect on Anxiety in Hypertensive Rats
Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats and Anxiety
Research on Dahl Salt-Sensitive (DSS) rats, which naturally develop hypertension and cognitive decline with age, has shown that lisinopril can significantly reduce blood pressure and anxiety-like behavior. In one study, DSS rats treated with lisinopril for three months exhibited lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), alongside increased exploration of the center of an open field test (OFT), indicating reduced anxiety-like behavior . This suggests a link between cardiovascular health and anxiety, with lisinopril potentially mitigating anxiety by improving cardiovascular parameters.
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Another study focused on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) found that lisinopril normalized SBP and partially reversed anxiety-like behavior. The treated SHR group showed a trend towards reduced time spent in the central area of the open field and fewer entries into this area, which are indicative of decreased anxiety. This reinforces the idea that lisinopril's anxiolytic effects may be tied to its ability to manage hypertension.
Lisinopril in Human Studies: Elderly Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Chronotherapy and Psychological State
In elderly patients with hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MS), a fixed combination of amlodipine, lisinopril, and rosuvastatin was studied for its effects on cognitive and psychological states. The study compared evening versus morning dosing and found that evening dosing was more effective in reducing situational and personal anxiety scores. Both dosing schedules led to significant reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms, but evening dosing showed a slightly greater improvement. This suggests that the timing of lisinopril administration could play a role in its effectiveness in managing anxiety.
Conclusion
The evidence indicates that lisinopril, beyond its primary role in lowering blood pressure, may also reduce anxiety-like behavior, particularly in hypertensive models. This effect is observed in both animal studies and human trials, with potential implications for optimizing treatment schedules to enhance psychological outcomes. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind these effects and to explore the direct impact of lisinopril on brain function.
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