Mental health disorders list
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Comprehensive List of Mental Health Disorders
Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Conflict Settings
Mental health disorders are highly prevalent in conflict-affected populations. A systematic review and meta-analysis updated the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, revealing that the prevalence of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia is 22.1% in these settings . The study found that mild forms of these disorders have a prevalence of 13.0%, moderate forms 4.0%, and severe forms 5.1% . This highlights the urgent need for scalable mental health interventions in conflict zones.
Classification of Mental Disorders
Three-Fold Classification System
A proposed three-fold classification system for mental disorders includes three aspects: category or gross syndrome, specified main syndrome, and main etiology or pathogenesis . This system aims to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mental disorders compared to the traditional International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system.
Hierarchical Model for DSM-V
A quantitative hierarchical model suggests that mood and anxiety disorders should be grouped into an overarching class of emotional disorders. This class can be further divided into three subclasses: bipolar disorders (bipolar I, bipolar II, cyclothymia), distress disorders (major depression, dysthymic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, PTSD), and fear disorders (panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, specific phobia) .
Common Mental Disorders in Adolescents
A systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) in adolescents using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The global prevalence was found to be 25.0% to 31.0%, with a higher prevalence among girls . This underscores the importance of including mental health as a critical component of adolescent health and the need for CMD screening.
Mental Disorders and Musculoskeletal Diseases
There is a significant association between mental disorders and common musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) in adults aged 45 years and over. Studies have shown that major depressive disorder is associated with chronic back pain, and anxiety disorders are linked to cervical or lumbar disc herniation . Additionally, mood and anxiety disorders are associated with lower bone mineral density in men, and quality of life decreases with the number of osteoporotic fractures .
Global Prevalence of Common Mental Disorders
A comprehensive review and meta-analysis of global mental health surveys found that approximately 17.6% of people meet the criteria for a common mental disorder within a 12-month period, and 29.2% have experienced a common mental disorder at some point in their lives . Women have higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders, while men have higher rates of substance use disorders . There is also significant regional variation in the prevalence of these disorders.
Genetic Classification of Major Mental Disorders
Genomic structural equation modeling has classified ten major mental disorders based on their genetic correlations. These disorders include ADHD, anorexia nervosa, anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, schizophrenia, and Tourette syndrome . The analysis revealed that these disorders are genetically inter-correlated and can be grouped into clusters, providing insights into their biological mechanisms.
Approaches to Understanding and Classifying Mental Disorders
Three major systems are used to understand and classify mental disorders: the ICD, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Each system has its own approach to etiology, categorization, thresholds, and comorbidity, reflecting their different histories and purposes .
Suicide Risk in Mental Disorders
Mental disorders are strongly associated with an increased risk of suicide. A meta-analysis found that nearly all mental disorders, except mental retardation and dementia, have a significantly raised standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for suicide . The highest suicide risks are associated with functional disorders, followed by substance misuse disorders, and the lowest risks are linked to organic disorders .
Conclusion
Mental health disorders encompass a wide range of conditions, each with unique prevalence rates, classifications, and associated risks. Understanding these disorders through various classification systems and prevalence studies is crucial for developing effective interventions and reducing the global burden of mental health issues.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic