Organs that are in the respiratory system
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Organs in the Respiratory System
Overview of the Respiratory System
The respiratory system is essential for gas exchange, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be expelled from the body. This system is divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts, each comprising various organs and structures that facilitate breathing and protect against harmful agents 124.
Upper Respiratory Tract: Nose, Nasal Cavity, and Pharynx
The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx. These structures are primarily responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe. The nasal cavity and sinuses also play a role in olfaction, or the sense of smell 16.
Nose and Nasal Cavity
The nose and nasal cavity are the entry points for air. They filter out large particles and pathogens through mucous membranes and cilia, which trap and move debris out of the respiratory tract 16.
Pharynx
The pharynx, or throat, serves as a passageway for both air and food. It connects the nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus, playing a crucial role in directing air to the lower respiratory tract 16.
Lower Respiratory Tract: Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs
The lower respiratory tract includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. These structures are involved in the actual process of gas exchange and are equipped with various defense mechanisms to protect against infections and harmful substances 124.
Larynx
The larynx, or voice box, is located below the pharynx and above the trachea. It houses the vocal cords and is responsible for sound production. It also acts as a gateway, preventing food and liquids from entering the lower respiratory tract during swallowing 67.
Trachea
The trachea, or windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It is reinforced with cartilage rings to maintain its shape and ensure an open airway. The trachea also filters and humidifies the air before it reaches the lungs 16.
Bronchi and Bronchioles
The trachea divides into two main bronchi, each leading to a lung. These bronchi further branch into smaller bronchioles, creating a network that distributes air throughout the lungs. The bronchi and bronchioles are lined with mucous membranes and cilia to trap and remove particles 16.
Lungs
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system, where gas exchange occurs. Each lung is divided into lobes and contains millions of alveoli, tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood. The lungs are also involved in other functions, such as regulating blood pH and filtering small blood clots 1245.
Supporting Structures: Diaphragm and Thoracic Cage
Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the pressure within the thoracic cavity, facilitating the movement of air into and out of the lungs 16.
Thoracic Cage
The thoracic cage, composed of the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae, provides structural support and protection for the lungs and other organs within the thoracic cavity. It also assists in the mechanics of breathing by expanding and contracting during respiration 16.
Conclusion
The respiratory system is a complex network of organs and structures that work together to ensure efficient gas exchange and protect the body from harmful agents. From the nose and nasal cavity to the lungs and diaphragm, each component plays a vital role in maintaining respiratory health and overall well-being 1246.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic