Psychotic disorders list

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Comprehensive List of Psychotic Disorders

Psychotic disorders are a group of severe mental health conditions characterized by a disconnection from reality, often manifesting through hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. These disorders can significantly impair an individual's ability to function in daily life. Below is a detailed overview of the primary psychotic disorders, as classified in the DSM-5 and ICD-11.

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is one of the most well-known psychotic disorders, characterized by persistent symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and impaired cognitive function. The DSM-5 has moved away from subtypes of schizophrenia, instead focusing on a dimensional approach to symptom assessment 57.

Schizoaffective Disorder

Schizoaffective disorder is diagnosed when an individual experiences symptoms of schizophrenia along with mood disorder symptoms, such as depression or mania. This disorder bridges the gap between mood disorders and schizophrenia 78.

Schizophreniform Disorder

Schizophreniform disorder includes symptoms similar to schizophrenia but lasts for a shorter duration, typically between one and six months. If symptoms persist beyond six months, a diagnosis of schizophrenia is considered 89.

Brief Psychotic Disorder

Brief psychotic disorder is characterized by a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms that last less than one month, followed by a full return to the previous level of functioning. This disorder is often triggered by significant stress or trauma 248.

Delusional Disorder

Delusional disorder involves persistent delusions without the other prominent symptoms of schizophrenia. Individuals with this disorder can often function relatively well in daily life, except for the impact of their delusions 89.

Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders (ATPD)

ATPD, as classified in ICD-10, includes conditions such as bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis, and reactive psychosis. These disorders are characterized by a rapid onset of psychotic symptoms and a relatively short duration. They are more prevalent in females and often occur in early to middle adulthood 234.

Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder

This disorder is characterized by psychotic symptoms that are directly attributable to substance use, such as drugs or alcohol. The symptoms typically resolve once the substance is cleared from the body 89.

Psychotic Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

Psychotic symptoms can also arise due to underlying medical conditions, such as brain tumors, epilepsy, or autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These conditions must be treated by addressing the underlying medical issue 910.

Bipolar Disorder with Psychotic Features

While primarily a mood disorder, bipolar disorder can include psychotic features during manic or depressive episodes. These psychotic symptoms are typically congruent with the individual's mood state 67.

Conclusion

Psychotic disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying symptoms, durations, and underlying causes. Understanding these disorders is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. The classification systems in DSM-5 and ICD-11 continue to evolve, aiming to provide a more nuanced understanding of these complex conditions.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

International incidence of psychotic disorders, 2002–17: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The incidence of psychotic disorders varies by personal characteristics and place, with men and ethnic minorities at higher risk, and geographical variation may be partially explained by differences in case ascertainment methods.

Meta-AnalysisHighly Cited

2019·

178citations

·H. Jongsma et al.

Diagnostic validity of ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorders and DSM-5 brief psychotic disorder

Short-lived psychotic disorders are rare and often affect women in early to middle adulthood, with environmental factors playing a greater role than premorbid dysfunctions or family predisposition.

Systematic ReviewRigorous Journal

2017·

46citations

·A. Castagnini et al.

Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ICD-10 F23): a review from a European perspective

ATPD is prevalent in females and has onset in early-middle adulthood, with a more favorable outcome than other F2 group disorders, but tends to recur and often converts into schizophrenia or affective disorders.

Systematic Review

2009·

62citations

·A. Castagnini et al.

Conceptual Issues in Acute and Transient Psychotic Disorders

Conceptual shortcomings in short-lived psychotic disorders, influenced by symptom completeness, specificity, and heterogeneity, hinder research and require further revisions to achieve closer concordance between diagnostic systems.

2021·

4citations

·A. Castagnini et al.

Structure of the psychotic disorders classification in DSM‐5

The DSM-5 aims to capture the dimensional structure of psychosis, allowing for more specific and individualized assessments, while maintaining the categorical classification of psychiatric disorders.

Highly Cited

2013·

162citations

·Stephan Heckers et al.

The psychoses: Cluster 3 of the proposed meta-structure for DSM-V and ICD-11

The DSM-IV-TR grouping of psychotic disorders is supported by shared psychopathology, but few data exists on the 11 spectrum criteria, and the inclusion of bipolar and schizotypal personality disorders is questionable.

Very Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2009·

92citations

·W. Carpenter et al.

Psychotic disorders in DSM-5 and ICD-11

DSM-5 has eliminated schizophrenia subtypes and replaced them with a dimensional approach based on symptom assessments, while ICD-11 is expected to follow a similar path and reorganize acute and transient psychotic and delusional disorders.

Literature ReviewHighly Cited

2016·

71citations

·F. Biedermann et al.

Overview of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Psychotic disorders affect 5% of the population and cause significant suffering and loss to society, with current treatments often suboptimal.

Literature Review

2020·

0citations

·J. Wilcox et al.

Specific Mental Health Disorders: Psychotic Disorders

Psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and mood disorders, have significant public health impacts, and changes like deinstitutionalization and early intervention can help reduce their burden.

2008·

6citations

·R. Thara et al.

Psychotic Disorders

Psychotic disorders are defined by clinical syndromes rather than diseases, and are categorized into three broad groups: idiopathic, medical, and toxic psychoses.

2018·

0citations

·M. First

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