Supplements for women over 40

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Supplements for Women Over 40: A Comprehensive Overview

Growth Hormone Supplementation and Fertility

Growth Hormone (GH) and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Growth hormone supplementation has shown promising results in improving pregnancy rates and endometrial receptivity among women over 40 undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Studies indicate that GH can significantly lower cycle cancellation rates and enhance the quality of oocytes and embryos. Women receiving GH co-stimulation exhibited higher clinical pregnancy and implantation rates compared to those who did not receive GH .

Bone Health Supplements

Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Copper, and Vitamin D

For women over 40, maintaining bone health is crucial. Supplementation with calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and vitamin D has been found to improve bone mineral density (BMD) and alleviate bone symptoms. In premenopausal women, these supplements significantly increased lumbar BMD after one year, while postmenopausal women saw improvements in serum osteocalcin levels and relief from joint and back pain .

Hormone Therapy and Calcium/Vitamin D

The combination of hormone therapy (HT) and calcium/vitamin D supplementation has been shown to reduce fracture risk in postmenopausal women, particularly those who experienced early menopause. This combination therapy helps mitigate the increased fracture risk associated with lower bone mineral density in women who undergo menopause before the age of 40 .

Botanical Dietary Supplements

Common Botanicals and Their Uses

Botanical dietary supplements are widely used by women aged 40-60 for various health benefits. Common botanicals include soy, green tea, chamomile, gingko, and ginseng. These supplements are often used to manage menopausal symptoms, improve mental health, and enhance overall well-being. Despite their popularity, it is important for women to consult healthcare providers about potential interactions with other medications 410.

Vitamin E and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Metabolic and Hormonal Benefits

Vitamin E supplementation has been shown to improve metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with PCOS. It reduces fasting glucose, insulin levels, and improves lipid profiles. Additionally, vitamin E lowers total testosterone levels and increases sex hormone-binding globulin, which can help manage symptoms of PCOS .

Vitamin D and Probiotics

Co-supplementation of vitamin D and probiotics has demonstrated significant benefits for women with PCOS, including improvements in mental health, hormonal balance, and reduction of inflammatory markers. This combination therapy also enhances antioxidant capacity, which can contribute to overall health improvements .

Cognitive Function and Antioxidants

Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Beta Carotene

Antioxidant supplementation, particularly with vitamins E and C, has been investigated for its potential to slow cognitive decline in women with cardiovascular disease. While vitamin E and beta carotene did not show significant effects, vitamin C was associated with better cognitive performance in the long term, especially in women who experienced new cardiovascular events during the study period .

Lifestyle Factors and Supplement Use

Healthier Lifestyle Correlations

Women who regularly use dietary supplements often exhibit healthier lifestyle choices, such as higher physical activity levels, better dietary habits, and lower smoking rates. These factors contribute to the overall effectiveness of supplements in promoting health and preventing chronic diseases .

Conclusion

For women over 40, a variety of supplements can offer significant health benefits, from improving fertility and bone health to managing PCOS and cognitive function. However, it is essential to consult healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective use, particularly when combining supplements with other medications. Understanding the specific needs and potential benefits of these supplements can help women make informed decisions about their health.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

Growth hormone supplementation may improve the pregnancy rate and endometrial receptivity among women aged more than 40 years undergoing in vitro fertilization

Growth hormone supplementation reduces cycle cancellation and improves pregnancy and implantation rates in women aged over 40 undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Observational StudyRigorous Journal

2019·

15citations

·K. Lan et al.

Environmental influences: factors influencing a woman's decision to use dietary supplements.

Women in the UK are more likely to use dietary supplements due to a stronger belief in their health benefits and media influence.

Observational StudyHighly Cited

2003·

116citations

·M. Conner et al.

Effect of calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and vitamin D supplementation on prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women over 40 years old

Calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and vitamin D supplementation improves bone symptoms and increases bone density in premenopausal women and reduces serum BGP in postmenopausal women.

RCT

2006·

1citation

·Gao Peijun

Botanical dietary supplement use in peri- and postmenopausal women

A high percentage of women at UIC clinics use multiple botanical dietary supplements, believing them to be safe and effective for common ailments, often without informing their physicians.

Observational StudyHighly Cited

2003·

135citations

·G. Mahady et al.

Vitamin E supplementation improves testosterone, glucose- and lipid-related metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Vitamin E supplementation improves glucose, lipid, and androgenic-related biomarkers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but has no impact on female sex hormones, HDL-cholesterol, BMI, and hirsutism.

Meta-Analysis

2022·

3citations

·Sebastián Yalle-Vásquez et al.

Age of menopause and fracture risk in postmenopausal women randomized to calcium + vitamin D, hormone therapy, or the combination: results from the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trials

Early menopause age (40 years) is an independent contributor to postmenopausal fracture risk, regardless of treatment interventions like hormone therapy, calcium/vitamin D, or a combination of both.

RCTLarge Human TrialVery Rigorous Journal

2017·

52citations

·Shannon D. Sullivan et al.

Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation for 12 weeks improved mental health, reduced inflammation, and increased antioxidant capacity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

RCTRigorous JournalHighly Cited

2019·

111citations

·Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi et al.

Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Beta Carotene, and Cognitive Function Among Women With or at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: The Women’s Antioxidant and Cardiovascular Study

Antioxidant supplementation did not slow cognitive decline in women with preexisting cardiovascular disease or risk factors.

RCTLarge Human TrialHighly Cited

2009·

139citations

·J. Kang et al.

Lifestyle and diet in people using dietary supplements

Dietary supplement use is highly prevalent and associated with healthier lifestyle and diet characteristics, but may also lead to lower meat, saturated fat, and n6/n3-fatty acid intake.

Observational StudyRigorous JournalHighly Cited

2007·

123citations

·A. Reinert et al.

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, with potential benefits for urinary tract infections, PMS, and menopause, but require further rigorous testing for potential toxic effects and drug interactions.

Highly Cited

2016·

154citations

·B. Dietz et al.

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