Symptoms of hyperglycemia

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Common Symptoms of Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, often presents with several classic symptoms. The most common symptoms include frequent urination (polyuria), increased thirst (polydipsia), unexplained weight loss, increased hunger (polyphagia), and blurred vision. These symptoms are frequently observed in people with diabetes and are a direct result of elevated blood glucose levels 1235679.

Additional and Less Common Symptoms

Other symptoms that may accompany hyperglycemia include fatigue and susceptibility to certain infections. In some cases, individuals may also experience impairment of growth (especially in children) and, if hyperglycemia is chronic, a higher risk of developing long-term complications such as nerve damage, kidney problems, and eye issues 1235679.

Neurological and Psychological Symptoms

Fatigue and depression are more frequently reported in people with hyperglycemia, especially among those with additional health conditions such as cancer or older adults with diabetes. Hyperglycemia can also be associated with cognitive decline and memory problems, with depressive symptoms sometimes acting as a mediator between high blood sugar and cognitive issues 810. In severe cases, hyperglycemia may cause visual disturbances and dizziness due to dehydration and changes in the lens of the eye .

Acute and Life-Threatening Consequences

If left untreated, severe hyperglycemia can lead to dangerous conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. These are medical emergencies and can present with additional symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, confusion, and even loss of consciousness 123567.

Symptom Clusters in Special Populations

In certain groups, such as colorectal cancer survivors with diabetes, hyperglycemia is linked to more symptoms overall, including clusters of nausea, vomiting, constipation, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, anxiety, and depression .

Conclusion

The main symptoms of hyperglycemia are frequent urination, increased thirst, weight loss, increased hunger, blurred vision, and fatigue. Other symptoms can include depression, cognitive decline, and, in severe cases, visual disturbances and dizziness. Chronic hyperglycemia can also lead to long-term complications affecting various organs. Recognizing these symptoms early is important for timely intervention and prevention of further health problems.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, with long-term damage to various organs and increased risk of complications.

Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2011·

957citations

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Type 2 diabetes is caused by resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin secretory response, and may present for long periods without symptoms before diagnosis.

Very Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2012·

419citations

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, leading to long-term damage and dysfunction of various organs.

Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2009·

327citations

·K. Alberti et al.

Study of the hyperglycemic condition in diseases of liver in obese clinical patients

Hyperglycemia symptoms begin at blood glucose levels of 3.2 mmol/l and cognitive function deteriorates at 2.7 mmo/l, with the threshold for symptoms in obese patients being less than 2.6 mmol/l.

2018·

0citations

·C. J. Singh et al.

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion or insulin action, leading to long-term damage and dysfunction of various organs.

Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2011·

19881citations

·V. Basevi

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, leading to long-term damage and dysfunction of various organs.

Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2010·

421citations

·P. O S I T I O N S T A T E M E N T

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus The information that follows is based largely on the reports of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes (Diabetes Care 20:1183–1197, 1997, and Diabetes Care 26:3160–3167, 2003).

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion or insulin action, leading to long-term damage and dysfunction of various organs.

Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2008·

1800citations

Hyperglycemia, symptoms, and symptom clusters in colorectal cancer survivors with type 2 diabetes

Colorectal cancer survivors with type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia experience more symptoms and distinct symptom clusters compared to those without hyperglycemia.

Observational StudyRigorous Journal

2022·

6citations

·S. Storey et al.

Acknowledging the Blind Spot of Bitemporal Hemianopsia: Keeping a High Index of Suspicion for Pituitary Macroadenomas in Uncommon Presentations

Atypical symptoms of hyperglycemia, such as vision changes and gait disturbances, warrant a more extensive neurologic workup to rule out life-threatening causes of neurologic dysfunction.

Case ReportRigorous Journal

2021·

0citations

·Joseph Raco et al.

Depressive Symptoms Longitudinally Mediate the Effect of Hyperglycemia on Memory Decline in Type 2 Diabetes.

Chronic hyperglycemia in older adults with type 2 diabetes leads to increased depressive symptoms, which in turn worsen memory over time.

Observational Study

2023·

1citation

·A. Kraal et al.

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