Vitamin c chemical formula

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Chemical Formula of Vitamin C: An Overview

Introduction to Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a vital nutrient for various metabolic processes in the human body. It is a water-soluble vitamin that appears as a white or slightly yellow crystal or powder with a slightly acidic taste. The compound is known for its antiscorbutic properties, meaning it prevents scurvy, a disease resulting from vitamin C deficiency .

Chemical Formula and Structure

Empirical and Molecular Formula

The chemical formula of vitamin C is C6H8O6. This formula indicates that each molecule of vitamin C consists of six carbon atoms, eight hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms 13. The molecular weight of vitamin C is 176.13 g/mol .

Chemical Name and Synonyms

Vitamin C is chemically known as L-ascorbic acid. It was previously referred to as Hexuronic acid . The synthesis of ascorbic acid was first achieved by Reichstein in 1933, and industrial production began shortly thereafter .

Physical and Chemical Properties

Solubility and Stability

Vitamin C is freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and insoluble in chloroform, ether, and benzene . In its dry state, vitamin C is relatively stable in air, but it rapidly oxidizes when in solution, especially upon exposure to light .

Industrial Production

The industrial production of vitamin C typically starts with raw materials like corn or wheat, which are converted to glucose and then to sorbitol. The final product, pure ascorbic acid, is obtained through a series of biotechnical, chemical processing, and purification steps .

Conclusion

Vitamin C, with the chemical formula C6H8O6, is an essential nutrient with significant roles in human health. Its chemical name is L-ascorbic acid, and it is known for its solubility in water and stability in dry form. The industrial production of vitamin C involves complex processes starting from basic raw materials like corn or wheat. Understanding the chemical and physical properties of vitamin C is crucial for its effective utilization in various health and nutritional applications.

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Most relevant research papers on this topic

Process for Preparation of Vitamin C and Method for Determination of Vitamin C in Tablets

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is produced on a large industrial scale from corn or wheat, with sorbitol being the final product after a series of biotechnical, chemical processing, and purification steps.

2018·

21citations

·Krishnasarma Pathy

New oral liposomal vitamin C formulation: properties and bioavailability

The new liposomal vitamin C formulation, free of harmful organic solvents, shows enhanced bioavailability and accessibility to cells for efficient body homeostasis maintenance.

2020·

44citations

·Maciej Łukawski et al.

CURE AND PREVENTION OF DISEASES WITH VITAMIN C INTO PERSPECTIVE: AN OVERVIEW

Vitamin C can treat various health conditions, including common cold, asthma, BP, fertility, immunity, tissue regeneration, and cancer, but its effectiveness varies among patients and may have ill effects.

Literature Review

2020·

6citations

·C. Andrea et al.

Vitamin C in infant formula and adult/pediatric nutritional Formula by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with Ultraviolet detection: first action 2012.22.

The modified HPLC-UV method for determining vitamin C in adult/pediatric formula meets AOAC standards and is approved for official first action.

2013·

4citations

·E. Campos-Giménez et al.

Gold nanoparticles modified graphene platforms for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of vitamin C in infant food and formulae.

The developed sensor, based on gold nanoparticles modified graphene, offers a cost-effective, fast, and reliable method for detecting vitamin C in infant food and formulae, with potential applications in food chemistry and manufacturing.

2020·

44citations

·F. Bettazzi et al.

Pharmacologic and therapeutic properties of crystalline vitamin C (cevitamic acid) with especial reference to its effects on the capillary fragility.

Cevitamic acid is a stable, odorless, white or yellowish-white crystalline powder with a melting point of 189 to 192 C, and its effects on capillary fragility have been studied in various clinical trials.

1936·

46citations

·I. Wright et al.

Isolation and Identification of Vitamin C

This study identifies and isolates a crystalline compound that prevents scurvy in guinea pigs, suggesting it is identical to the LLhexuronic acid studied by Szent-Gyorgyi.

Highly Cited

1932·

120citations

·W. Waugh et al.

Isolation and Identification of Vitamin C

Vitamin C, a crystalline compound, can be isolated and identified through crystallization, indicating its similarity to LLhexuronic acid, a scurvy-preventing substance found in oranges and cabbage.

Highly Cited

1932·

71citations

·W. Waugh et al.

Synthetic or Food-Derived Vitamin C—Are They Equally Bioavailable?

Synthetic and food-derived vitamin C have no significant differences in bioavailability, but animal studies show differences depending on study design and body compartments.

Literature ReviewRigorous JournalHighly Cited

2013·

109citations

·A. Carr et al.

Vitamin C—Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination

Vitamin C plays a diverse role in various processes, but high doses can cause side effects, such as oxalate renal stones, and its safety is relatively unknown in the general population.

Very Rigorous JournalHighly Cited

2021·

263citations

·M. Doseděl et al.

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