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Some studies suggest the water footprint of livestock production is high, especially for meat compared to milk or eggs, and is influenced by feed production and irrigation, while other studies highlight that low-input, pasture-based systems and regions like New Zealand have lower water footprints and impacts.
20 papers analyzed
The water footprint (WF) of livestock production is a critical aspect of sustainable agriculture, reflecting the amount of water used throughout the production process. This includes water for feed crops, drinking water for animals, and water used in processing. Understanding the WF of livestock is essential for developing strategies to reduce water use and mitigate environmental impacts.
Higher WF for Meat Compared to Dairy and Eggs:
Impact of Farming Systems:
Feed Production as Major Contributor:
Geographical Variability:
Water Scarcity and Pollution:
Methodological Considerations:
The WF of livestock production is influenced by the type of product, farming system, and geographical location. Meat, particularly beef, has a higher WF compared to dairy and eggs. Grazing systems are generally more water-efficient than industrial systems. Feed production is the largest contributor to the WF, and strategies to reduce it include using low-WF feeds and efficient irrigation. There is significant geographical variability in WF, and livestock production contributes to water scarcity and pollution. Accurate assessment methods that consider local contexts and include both green and blue water resources are essential for developing effective water management strategies in livestock production.
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