What are the four nitrogenous bases

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The Four Nitrogenous Bases in DNA

Introduction to Nitrogenous Bases in DNA

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of four nitrogenous bases, which are crucial for the storage and transmission of genetic information. These bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) 123.

Adenine (A)

Adenine is one of the two purine bases found in DNA. It pairs with thymine (T) through two hydrogen bonds, forming a stable base pair that is essential for the double-helix structure of DNA. Adenine's role is critical in the encoding of genetic information and in various cellular processes 13.

Guanine (G)

Guanine is the second purine base in DNA. It pairs with cytosine (C) through three hydrogen bonds, which makes the G-C pair more stable than the A-T pair. This stability is important for the structural integrity of DNA, especially in regions with high G-C content 123.

Cytosine (C)

Cytosine is one of the two pyrimidine bases in DNA. It pairs with guanine (G) and plays a vital role in the genetic code and the regulation of gene expression. The G-C pairing is crucial for the stability and function of the DNA molecule 123.

Thymine (T)

Thymine is the second pyrimidine base in DNA. It pairs with adenine (A) and is essential for the proper encoding of genetic information. Thymine's pairing with adenine helps maintain the DNA's double-helix structure and ensures accurate DNA replication 13.

Conclusion

The four nitrogenous bases—adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)—are fundamental components of DNA. They pair specifically (A with T and G with C) to form the double-helix structure, which is essential for the storage and transmission of genetic information. Understanding these bases is crucial for insights into molecular biology and genetics 123.

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