What is the Human-robot interaction in manufacturing?
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Human-Robot Interaction in Manufacturing
Introduction to Human-Robot Interaction in Manufacturing
Human-robot interaction (HRI) in manufacturing has evolved significantly over the past decade, driven by the need for increased productivity, flexibility, and safety in production environments. Collaborative robots, or "cobots," are designed to work alongside human operators, enhancing the capabilities of both humans and machines2 9.
Collaborative Manufacturing with Physical Human-Robot Interaction
In collaborative manufacturing, robots and humans share tasks to optimize efficiency and reduce human workload. For instance, in homokinetic joint assembly, robots alternate between active and passive behaviors to assist human operators, reducing the risk of strain injuries and ensuring compliance with safety standards1. This approach allows for direct physical contact between robots and humans, enhancing the collaborative process.
Reinforcement Learning for Enhanced Adaptability
One of the significant challenges in HRI is the variability in human performance, which can introduce disturbances in manufacturing processes. Reinforcement learning has been employed to develop robotic systems that can adapt their behavior based on observed human performance. This adaptability helps in optimizing task demands and improving overall system efficiency3 6.
Gesture-Based Interaction for Intuitive Collaboration
Gesture-based HRI frameworks have been developed to facilitate intuitive and reliable interactions between humans and robots. Using wearable sensors and artificial neural networks, these systems can classify human gestures and enable robots to assist in tasks such as delivering tools and holding objects during assembly operations. This method enhances the efficiency and user-friendliness of collaborative robots on the factory floor5.
Human Factors and Safety in Human-Robot Interaction
The integration of human factors into HRI is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency. Studies have shown that understanding human performance variations and incorporating intelligent control systems can significantly improve the interaction between humans and robots. These systems can predict human performance and adjust robotic behavior accordingly, reducing idle times and enhancing lean production6 9.
Future Trends and Challenges in Human-Robot Collaboration
The future of HRI in manufacturing lies in the transition from physical to cognitive interaction modes. This shift will enable more sophisticated communication between humans and robots, allowing for greater flexibility and productivity in assembly operations. Research is ongoing to develop frameworks that integrate smart technologies for enhanced human-robot communication, further improving the collaborative process8.
Conclusion
Human-robot interaction in manufacturing is a rapidly evolving field that promises to revolutionize production processes. By leveraging collaborative robots, reinforcement learning, gesture-based interaction, and intelligent control systems, manufacturers can achieve higher efficiency, safety, and flexibility. As research continues to address the challenges and explore new directions, the integration of HRI in manufacturing will become increasingly seamless and beneficial.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Collaborative manufacturing with physical human–robot interaction
Our collaborative human-robot manufacturing cell reduces human workload and strain injuries while maintaining safety standards, making it a viable solution for homokinetic joint assembly.
Highly CitedHuman-Robot Collaboration in Manufacturing Applications: A Review
Collaborative robots (cobots) offer flexible, quick, and inexpensive layout changes in manufacturing applications, but proper use and understanding of their characteristics are crucial for industry uptake.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedReinforcement learning for facilitating human-robot-interaction in manufacturing
Reinforcement learning agents can effectively adapt robotic operators' behavior to human performance variations, improving human-robot interaction in manufacturing processes.
Human–robot interaction review and challenges on task planning and programming
Human-robot interaction (HRI) research advances task planning, coordination, and programming in manufacturing environments, with potential benefits for increased productivity and flexibility.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedGesture-based human-robot interaction for human assistance in manufacturing
This gesture-based human-robot interaction framework efficiently assists a human co-worker in manufacturing by delivering tools and parts, and holding objects, using wearable sensors and an artificial neural network.
Highly CitedImproving Human–Robot Interaction Utilizing Learning and Intelligence: A Human Factors-Based Approach
Adaptability in robotic control using learning techniques can improve human-robot interaction and reduce performance disparity in manufacturing operations.
Technology jump in the industry: human-robot cooperation in production
Human-robot cooperation in manufacturing is rapidly evolving, but new research is needed to measure collaboration, integrate it into teamwork theories, and optimize relocation and product design.
Systematic ReviewFrom Human to Robot Interaction towards Human to Robot Communication in Assembly Systems
This paper proposes a future mode of human-robot interaction in assembly systems, where skilled operators perform physical cooperative tasks with robots and communicate with them, increasing assembly flexibility, productivity, and operator wellbeing.
Systematic ReviewSuccess factors for introducing industrial human-robot interaction in practice: an empirically driven framework
Successful industrial human-robot interaction depends on technology, safety, and employee acceptance, with subtle measures to increase acceptance being crucial.
Literature ReviewHuman–robot interaction in industrial collaborative robotics: a literature review of the decade 2008–2017
Industrial collaborative robots (cobots) have revolutionized manufacturing by allowing humans and robots to work side-by-side, addressing challenges and exploring future research issues.
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