10 papers analyzed
Some studies suggest the relative age effect significantly influences performance, selection, and injury risk in various sports, particularly in male and youth contexts, while other studies indicate it is less significant or absent in certain female sports and elite levels.
The relative age effect (RAE) refers to the advantage or disadvantage experienced by athletes based on their birth dates relative to a cutoff date for age group classifications. This phenomenon can influence both short-term performance and long-term career outcomes in various sports. The following synthesis examines the impact of RAE across different sports, genders, and age groups.
Prevalence in Team Sports:
Gender Differences:
Age and Developmental Stages:
Impact on Injury Rates:
Dropout Rates:
The relative age effect is a widespread phenomenon in sports, significantly impacting performance, injury rates, and dropout rates. It is more pronounced in male athletes and in sports with high physical demands. While the effect is less prevalent in female sports, it still exists and can influence long-term participation and success. Addressing RAE through policy changes and athlete development programs could help mitigate its impact and promote fairer competition.
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