What is bovine collagen
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Understanding Bovine Collagen: Sources, Extraction, and Applications
What is Bovine Collagen?
Bovine collagen is a type of protein derived from the connective tissues, bones, and skin of cows. It is one of the most abundant proteins in mammals, making up about 30% of the body's protein content. This protein is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of various tissues, including skin, bones, cartilage, and tendons7.
Sources of Bovine Collagen
Bovine Bones and Skin
Bovine collagen is primarily extracted from the bones and skin of cows. These sources are rich in collagen and are often byproducts of the meat and leather industries. For instance, bovine bones, which are typically considered waste, can be processed to extract valuable collagen2 6. Similarly, bovine hides, often discarded during leather production, present an opportunity for collagen extraction7.
Bovine Pericardium and Vitreous
Other less common sources include the bovine pericardium and vitreous. The pericardium, a membrane surrounding the heart, is a rich source of type I collagen, which is highly purified for bioengineering applications6. The vitreous humor of the eye contains types II and IX collagen, which are essential for maintaining the eye's structural integrity9.
Extraction Methods
Enzymatic Hydrolysis
One effective method for extracting collagen involves enzymatic hydrolysis. For example, recombinant collagenase from Bacillus cereus has been used to hydrolyze bovine bone collagen into collagen-soluble peptides (CPP), which have significant antioxidant properties1.
Acid Extraction
Another common method is acid extraction, where acids like acetic acid are used to solubilize collagen from bones. This method has been shown to yield collagen that can renature and self-assemble into three-dimensional structures, making it suitable for various applications5.
Ion-Exchange Chromatography
For highly purified collagen, ion-exchange chromatography is employed. This method involves enzymatic digestion followed by purification using ion-exchange techniques, resulting in collagen with high purity and biocompatibility6.
Applications of Bovine Collagen
Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Uses
Bovine collagen is widely used in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to its biocompatibility and structural properties. It is used in wound dressings, tissue engineering, and as a scaffold for regenerative medicine6.
Functional Foods and Antioxidants
Collagen peptides derived from bovine sources have shown promising antioxidant activities, making them suitable for functional food applications. These peptides can scavenge free radicals and have potential health benefits1.
Cosmetic and Personal Care Products
Collagen is also a popular ingredient in cosmetic and personal care products. It is used in moisturizers, anti-aging creams, and even transparent soaps to enhance skin hydration and elasticity4.
Textile Finishing
Innovative applications include using bovine collagen for textile finishing. Collagen can be applied to fabrics to impart functional properties, such as improved texture and potential health benefits, making it suitable for healthtech applications2.
Conclusion
Bovine collagen is a versatile and valuable protein derived from various parts of cows, including bones, skin, pericardium, and vitreous. Its extraction involves methods like enzymatic hydrolysis, acid extraction, and ion-exchange chromatography. The applications of bovine collagen are vast, ranging from biomedical and pharmaceutical uses to functional foods, cosmetics, and even textile finishing. As research continues, the potential for new and innovative uses of bovine collagen will likely expand, making it an increasingly important biomaterial.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Identification and antioxidant activity of bovine bone collagen-derived novel peptides prepared by recombinant collagenase from Bacillus cereus.
Recombinant collagenase from Bacillus cereus effectively hydrolyzes bovine bone collagen to collagen-soluble peptides, which show promising antioxidant activity and potential for functional food applications.
Functional textile finishing of type I collagen isolated from bovine bone for potential healthtech
Bone is an alternative source for type I collagen extraction, which can be applied as a functional textile finishing for traditional fabrics for potential healthtech applications.
Meat tenderness: distribution of molecular species of collagen in bovine muscle.
Meat tenderness in bovine muscle is influenced by the tension generated during thermal contraction of three distinct collagen types, with the extent determined by the thermal stability of intermolecular cross-links.
Highly CitedFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSPARENT SOAP FROM BONE COW COLLAGEN (Bos sp.) AS MOISTURIZER
Transparent soap formulated with bovine bone collagen (Bos sp.) at various concentrations effectively moisturizes the skin without causing irritation.
Collagen type I from bovine bone. Effect of animal age, bone anatomy and drying methodology on extraction yield, self-assembly, thermal behaviour and electrokinetic potential.
Natural collagen properties vary with bone age, anatomy, and drying methodology, offering potential for tailor-made applications in biological and technical sectors.
Extraction and characterization of highly purified collagen from bovine pericardium for potential bioengineering applications.
This study developed a simple and efficient method to extract and purify type I collagen from bovine tissue, offering potential applications in regenerative tissue engineering.
Collagen: From Waste to Gold
Waste bovine hide off-cuttings can be converted into high-value collagen, benefiting the global collagen-based biomaterials market by 2025.
Collagen synthesis by bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture.
Bovine aortic endothelial cells synthesize and secrete type III procollagen, which may play a role in thrombus formation after endothelial cell injury.
In Vitro StudyHighly CitedExtraction and characterization of the tissue forms of collagen types II and IX from bovine vitreous.
Bovine vitreous contains collagen types IX and II in a 4:1 ratio, with active synthesis of type-II collagen, and differs from chick vitreous in its glycosaminoglycan chain composition.
In Vitro StudyHighly CitedIsolation, chemical and electron microscopical characterization of neutral-salt-soluble type III collagen and procollagen from fetal bovine skin.
Neutral-salt-soluble type III collagen and procollagen from fetal bovine skin show close similarity to previously described insoluble type III collagen, with minor differences in C-terminal amino acid residue length and N-terminal extension.
In Vitro StudyHighly Cited