Cardiac assessment
Searched over 200M research papers for "cardiac assessment"
Summary
10 papers analyzed
These studies suggest that cardiac assessment can be effectively performed using EchoNet-Dynamic, autonomic assessment techniques, CMR imaging, comprehensive nursing assessments, and combined ECG mapping and imaging.
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Comprehensive Cardiac Assessment: Techniques and Innovations
Video-Based AI for Cardiac Function Assessment
Accurate cardiac function assessment is vital for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, screening for cardiotoxicity, and managing critically ill patients. Traditional human assessments are limited by sampling constraints and inter-observer variability. To address these challenges, a video-based deep learning algorithm, EchoNet-Dynamic, has been developed. This AI surpasses human experts in segmenting the left ventricle, estimating ejection fraction, and assessing cardiomyopathy. EchoNet-Dynamic achieves a Dice similarity coefficient of 0.92 for left ventricle segmentation and predicts ejection fraction with a mean absolute error of 4.1%. This model's reproducibility and precision in identifying subtle changes in ejection fraction make it a promising tool for real-time cardiovascular disease diagnosis.
Cardiovascular Autonomic Function Assessment
The autonomic nervous system's role in cardiovascular health is assessed through various non-invasive techniques. Heart rate variability analysis measures parasympathetic function, while blood pressure response to physiological stimuli assesses sympathetic function. Prolonged tilt-table testing is crucial for investigating neurally mediated syncope. Advanced research tools like frequency domain analyses, microneurography, and cardiac sympathetic imaging are being explored for future clinical applications.
Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment Guidelines
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society has issued guidelines for perioperative cardiac risk assessment in noncardiac surgery patients. Key recommendations include measuring brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal fragment of proBNP (NT-proBNP) before surgery for patients over 65 or those with significant cardiovascular disease. The guidelines advise against preoperative resting echocardiography and certain stress tests for risk estimation. Postoperative monitoring of troponin levels is recommended for high-risk patients, and long-term acetylsalicylic acid and statin therapy are advised for those with myocardial injury post-surgery.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging
CMR is a non-invasive technique for detailed morphological and functional heart assessment. It provides accurate measurements of ventricular mass, volumes, ejection fraction, and flow volume. Unlike other imaging methods, CMR relies on direct measurements, offering referential values for both ventricles. This makes CMR a valuable tool for comprehensive cardiac evaluation .
Nursing Role in Cardiac Assessment
Cardiac nurses play a crucial role in comprehensive cardiac assessments, which are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective clinical management. Nurses must determine hemodynamic stability, identify acute cardiac events, and manage symptoms. This requires a combination of interpersonal, observational, and technical skills, along with a deep understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology.
Multimodal Assessment of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Combining body surface electrocardiographic (ECG) mapping with imaging techniques like multidetector computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables comprehensive assessment of cardiac arrhythmias. This approach allows for non-invasive evaluation of arrhythmia mechanisms, myocardial substrate, and epicardial activation, aiding in diagnosis, prognosis, and ablation targeting.
Automatic Echocardiography for Cardiac Function
Automatic algorithms for echocardiography can assist non-experts in assessing cardiac function. By localizing mitral annular points and estimating mitral annular excursion (MAE) and tissue peak velocities, these algorithms provide preliminary diagnoses. Studies show that automatic parameter estimates have good accuracy, with MAE classification correct in 90% of cases.
Conclusion
Advancements in cardiac assessment techniques, from AI-driven echocardiography to comprehensive CMR imaging and multimodal arrhythmia evaluation, are enhancing diagnostic accuracy and patient care. Guidelines and non-invasive methods continue to evolve, providing healthcare professionals with robust tools for effective cardiovascular disease management.
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