Tongkat ali
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The Benefits and Effects of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia)
Introduction to Tongkat Ali
Tongkat Ali, scientifically known as Eurycoma longifolia, is a traditional medicinal plant native to Southeast Asia. It is commonly referred to as "Malaysian ginseng" and has been used for centuries for its purported health benefits, including enhancing libido, improving energy levels, and treating various ailments4 5.
Erectile Function Improvement
Clinical Efficacy on Erectile Dysfunction
Research has investigated the efficacy of Tongkat Ali in improving erectile function. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that while there was no significant difference in the mean improvement of erectile function between Tongkat Ali and placebo groups overall, there was a notable improvement in subjects with lower baseline erectile function scores1. This suggests that Tongkat Ali may be more effective in individuals with more severe erectile dysfunction.
Stress and Mood Enhancement
Impact on Stress Hormones and Psychological Mood
Tongkat Ali has also been studied for its effects on stress and mood. A study involving 63 moderately stressed subjects found that supplementation with Tongkat Ali significantly reduced levels of tension, anger, and confusion. Additionally, it improved the stress hormone profile by reducing cortisol levels and increasing testosterone levels2. These findings indicate that Tongkat Ali may help mitigate the effects of chronic stress and improve overall mood.
Traditional and Pharmacological Uses
Ethnobotanical Applications
Traditionally, Tongkat Ali has been used for a variety of purposes, including as an antimalarial, aphrodisiac, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, and anti-pyretic agent4 5. The plant is rich in bioactive compounds such as quassinoids and alkaloids, which contribute to its diverse pharmacological activities.
Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Properties
Several studies have highlighted the antimicrobial and antiparasitic potential of Tongkat Ali. Extracts from the plant have shown efficacy against various bacteria and fungi, supporting its traditional use as an antiseptic and treatment for infections7 9. This antimicrobial activity could be beneficial for developing new natural therapies and pharmaceutical treatments.
Safety and Toxicology
Toxicity and Safety Evaluation
The safety profile of Tongkat Ali has been extensively studied. Acute and subchronic toxicity studies have shown that the plant's extracts are generally safe, with no significant adverse effects observed at normal dosages. The lethal dose (LD50) for the aqueous extract is more than 3000 mg/kg, indicating a high safety margin5 10. These findings support the safe use of Tongkat Ali in dietary supplements and traditional medicine.
Conclusion
Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) is a versatile medicinal plant with a wide range of health benefits. It has shown potential in improving erectile function, reducing stress, and enhancing mood. Additionally, its traditional uses and antimicrobial properties make it a valuable natural remedy. While current evidence supports its efficacy and safety, further research is warranted to fully understand its therapeutic potential and optimize its use in modern medicine.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Efficacy of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) on erectile function improvement: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Tongkat Ali herbal extract may have clinical effects on erectile function, but more efficacy trials are needed to confirm this.
Meta-AnalysisEffect of Tongkat Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects
Daily supplementation with tongkat ali root extract improves stress hormone profile and certain mood state parameters, suggesting it may be an effective approach to shielding the body from the detrimental effects of modern chronic stress.
RCT
Very Rigorous Journal
Highly CitedAn Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration
ABSTRACT An evidence-based systematic review of tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data available in the scientific literature using a validated, reproducible grading rationale. This article includes written and statistical analysis of clinical trials, plus a compilation of expert opinion, folkloric precedent, history, pharmacology, kinetics/dynamics, interactions, adverse effects, toxicology, and dosing.
Systematic ReviewTongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack): a review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance.
Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) has been traditionally used for its antimalarial, aphrodisiac, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, and antipyretic activities, but more research is needed for commercial utilization and safety clearance.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedReview on a Traditional Herbal Medicine, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali): Its Traditional Uses, Chemistry, Evidence-Based Pharmacology and Toxicology
Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) is a popular traditional herbal medicine with potential health benefits, but more evidence is needed on its therapeutic efficacy and safety.
Literature ReviewHighly CitedSimultaneous quantitation of six major quassinoids in Tongkat Ali dietary supplements by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
The developed method accurately quantifies six major quassinoids in Tongkat Ali dietary supplements, aiding in quality assessment.
Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of root and stem extracts of wild Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali)
Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) root and stem extracts show promising antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi, with potential applications in pharmaceutical treatment, natural therapies, food preservation, and cosmetics.
In Vitro StudyHighly CitedTongkat Ali as a Potential Herbal Supplement for Physically Active Male and Female Seniors—A Pilot Study
Tongkat Ali supplementation significantly increases testosterone levels and muscle strength in physically active elderly men and women, with potential benefits for aging males.
Non-RCT
Rigorous JournalA Systematic Review on Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali)
Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) shows potential as an antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent, with 17 out of 20 studies showing positive results.
Systematic ReviewRigorous JournalEvaluation of Acute 13-Week Subchronic Toxicity and Genotoxicity of the Powdered Root of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack)
Tongkat Ali powdered root shows no mutagenicity or clastogenicity, but may reduce blood urea nitrogen and cholesterol levels, with an acceptable daily intake of up to 1.2 g/adult/day.
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