What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

Introduction

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presents a wide range of symptoms affecting various systems in the body. Understanding these symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment, and management of the disease.

Key Insights

Respiratory Symptoms:
- The most common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath .
- Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is associated with severe cases of COVID-19.
Digestive Symptoms:
- Digestive symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite are also reported, especially in patients with mild disease severity .
- Patients with digestive symptoms often have a longer time from symptom onset to admission and viral clearance .
Neurological and Sensory Symptoms:
- Loss of smell (anosmia) and taste are significant symptoms associated with COVID-19 .
- Other neurological symptoms include headaches and memory lapses.
General Symptoms:
- Fatigue, muscle pain (myalgia), and joint pain are commonly reported .
- Chest pain and chest tightness are also noted .
Persistent Symptoms (Long COVID):
- Many patients experience persistent symptoms such as fatigue, cough, dyspnea, chest pains, joint pain, muscle pain, loss of taste or smell, sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depression even after recovery from the acute phase.

Conclusion

COVID-19 manifests with a variety of symptoms, primarily affecting the respiratory system with fever, cough, and shortness of breath being the most common. Digestive symptoms like diarrhea and nausea are also prevalent, particularly in milder cases. Neurological symptoms, including loss of smell and taste, are significant indicators of the disease. Additionally, many patients suffer from persistent symptoms long after the initial infection, highlighting the need for comprehensive patient management and care.

What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients With Digestive Symptoms in Hubei, China: A Descriptive, Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study

COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms, such as diarrhea, have a longer time from onset to admission, longer coagulation, and higher liver enzyme levels.

Persistence of Symptoms After Discharge of Patients Hospitalized Due to COVID-19

Long COVID-19 symptoms include fatigue, cough, and other common issues, as well as more specific organ dysfunctions.

Association Between Symptoms and Severity of Disease in Hospitalised Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dyspnea is associated with the severity of COVID-19, and people with existing respiratory illnesses should seek medical attention if they experience this symptom.

COVID-19: Specific and Non-Specific Clinical Manifestations and Symptoms: The Current State of Knowledge

COVID-19 can cause various clinical manifestations in different age groups, with fever, dry cough, muscle weakness, and chest pain being the most common symptoms, but atypical symptoms can also occur.

Smell dysfunction: a biomarker for COVID‐19

Smell dysfunction may serve as a biomarker for COVID-19, as it has been associated with patient-reported symptoms but no empirical olfactory testing has been performed.

Anosmia as a prominent symptom of COVID-19 infection.

Anosmia is a potential early symptom of COVID-19 infection, but its definite association with anosmia remains unpublished.

Symptom Profiles of a Convenience Sample of Patients with COVID-19 — United States, January–April 2020

COVID-19 patients in the United States often experience fever, cough, and shortness of breath, with gastrointestinal symptoms and other symptoms also common.

Digestive Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients With Mild Disease Severity: Clinical Presentation, Stool Viral RNA Testing, and Outcomes

COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms and mild disease severity are more likely to have delayed diagnosis, longer viral clearance, and higher stool viral RNA positivity compared to those with only respiratory symptoms.

Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019

COVID-19 can present as a mild upper respiratory tract illness, with active virus replication in tissues of the upper respiratory tract, highlighting the need for targeted containment strategies.

COVID-19-associated gastrointestinal and liver injury: clinical features and potential mechanisms

COVID-19 can cause gastrointestinal symptoms and liver injury, with potential mechanisms including drug-induced liver injury, systemic inflammation, and hypoxia-ischemia reperfusion injury.

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