What are the symptoms of sunburn?

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Symptoms of Sunburn: Key Indicators and Effects

Red or Reddish Skin (Erythema)

One of the most common and noticeable symptoms of sunburn is the appearance of red or reddish skin, known as erythema. This redness is a result of the skin's inflammatory response to overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun . The degree of redness can vary depending on the length and intensity of UV exposure and the individual's skin pigmentation.

Skin Warmth and Pain

Sunburned skin often feels warm or hot to the touch. This is due to the increased blood flow to the affected area as the body attempts to repair the damage caused by UV radiation . Along with warmth, sunburned skin can be painful, and this pain can range from mild discomfort to severe, depending on the extent of the burn.

Blistering

In more severe cases of sunburn, blistering can occur. Blisters are a sign of significant skin damage and indicate that the burn has affected deeper layers of the skin . These blisters can be painful and may increase the risk of infection if they burst.

Systemic Symptoms: Fatigue and Dizziness

Sunburn can also lead to systemic symptoms such as general fatigue and mild dizziness. These symptoms are the body's response to the stress and inflammation caused by the UV radiation . In extreme cases, excessive UV exposure can be life-threatening, highlighting the importance of taking preventive measures against sunburn.

Raised Temperature and Swelling

A sunburn can cause a raised body temperature and swelling in the affected areas. This is part of the body's inflammatory response to the damage inflicted by UV radiation . Swelling is often accompanied by pain and can contribute to the overall discomfort experienced by the individual.

Itching and Pruritus

Itching, or pruritus, is another common symptom of sunburn. This can occur as the skin begins to heal and regenerate after the initial damage. Itching can be particularly bothersome and may lead to scratching, which can further irritate the skin and delay the healing process.

Conclusion

Sunburn is a common condition resulting from overexposure to UV radiation, characterized by symptoms such as red or reddish skin, warmth, pain, blistering, fatigue, dizziness, raised temperature, swelling, and itching. Understanding these symptoms can help in recognizing and managing sunburn effectively, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures to protect the skin from harmful UV radiation.