The analgesic and anaesthetic actions of tetrafluorobenzene.

doi:10.1111/J.1476-5381.1966.TB01929.X

Paper

The analgesic and anaesthetic actions of tetrafluorobenzene.

Published Feb 1, 1966 · M. Neal, J. Robson

British journal of pharmacology and chemotherapy

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5

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0

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Abstract

Many fluorinated compounds have been administered to various animal species in the hope of discovering new anaesthetics suitable for clinical use (Booth & Bixby, 1932; Brenner, 1937; Struck & Plattner, 1940; Robbins, 1946; Lester & Greenberg, 1950). The first fluorinated anaesthetic to be used clinically was discovered by Lu, Johnson, Ling & Krantz (1953). They found that 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl vinyl ether was a good anaesthetic in dogs and this compound was later introduced clinically under the name Fluoromar (Krantz, Carr, Lu & Bell, 1953). Raventos (1956) demonstrated that 2-bromo2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (halothane) was an excellent nonflammable anaesthetic. Halothane is now used widely and extensive literature about its clinical use has accumulated. Methoxyflurane (2,2-dichloro-l,1-difluoroethyl methyl ether) is another fluorinated ether which has been used clinically. This compound was first investigated by Poznak & Artusio (1960) on dogs. Fabian, Dewitt & Cames (1960) reported the effects of several fluorinated compounds on dogs. They considered that 3-chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane and 3-bromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane were suitable for trial on man. The anaesthetic action of aromatic fluorinated compounds was first reported by Bums, Hall, Bracken & Gouldstone (1961, 1964). These investigators found,rather unexpectedly, that hexafluorobenzene and pentafluorobenzene were good anaesthetics in mice. Neal & Robson (1965), in an attempt to discover a new potent inhalation analgesic, investigated the analgesic and anaesthetic actions of certain fluorinated aromatic compounds in mice. They found that although hexafluorobenzene and pentafluorobenzene were good anaesthetics they had little analgesic action when administered in subanaesthetic concentrations. However, 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene was an excellent analgesic but was hepatotoxic. The present paper describes results obtained with the 1,2,4,5and 1,2,3,5-isomers of tetrafluorobenzene. These were investigated initially on mice and the most promising isomer (1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene) was then investigated further on dogs.

Study Snapshot

The 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene isomer shows promising analgesic and anesthetic actions in mice and dogs, with potential for clinical use.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

The analgesic and anaesthetic actions of tetrafluorobenzene.

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References

THE MEASUREMENT OF ANALGESIC PROPERTIES OF INHALATION DRUGS GIVEN IN SUB-ANAESTHETIC CONCENTRATIONS.

The developed electrical method effectively measures analgesic properties of inhalation anaesthetics in mice without removing the animals from the chamber.

THE ANALGESIC PROPERTIES OF SUB-ANAESTHETIC DOSES OF ANAESTHETICS IN THE MOUSE.

Sub-anaesthetic doses of trichlorethylene, ethyl chloride, and halothane can produce analgesia in mice, while nitrous oxide potentiates analgesic effects of these drugs.

LABORATORY AND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESIZED FLUOROCARBON ANESTHETICS

The ideal inhalation anesthetic should be nonflammable, nonexplosive, stable, and provide adequate anesthesia without harmful effects, while being versatile, economical, and compatible with other drugs.

Anesthetic properties of a series of fluorinated compounds. I. Fluorinated hydrocarbons.

CF3 CFClH is a promising nonflammable gaseous anesthetic agent with 40% potency, meeting all desirable criteria except for blood pressure depression in dogs.

The action of fluothane; a new volatile anaesthetic.

Fluothane, a non-explosive volatile anaesthetic, shows promising anaesthetic properties and pharmacological effects, making it a promising alternative to ether and chloroform for inhalation anesthesia.

Citations

The Effects of Volatile Aromatic Anesthetics on Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes

Aromatic compounds vary in their effects on sodium channel gating, potentially explaining their variable inhibition and the differences in neurotransmitter release induced by some inhaled anesthetics.

Volatile Aromatic Anesthetics Variably Impact Human &ggr;-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Function

Volatile aromatic anesthetics vary in their impact on GABAA receptors, with their molecular determinants being distinct from NMDA receptors.

The N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Inhibitory Potencies of Aromatic Inhaled Drugs of Abuse: Evidence for Modulation by Cation-π Interactions

Inhaled drugs of abuse inhibit NMDA receptors with potencies that correlate with their ability to engage in cation- interactions, suggesting a significant cationic character at the receptor binding site.

The N -Methyl- D -aspartate Receptor Inhibitory Potencies of Aromatic Inhaled Drugs of Abuse: Evidence for Modulation by Cation- (cid:1) Interactions

Inhaled drugs of abuse inhibit human NMDA receptors with potencies that correlate with their ability to engage in cation- (cid:1) interactions, suggesting significant cationic character at the receptor binding site.