T. Gupta
2013
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Abstract
The use of scintillators to detect radiation is a century old, and the discovery and the quest for new inorganic/organic scintillators are ongoing processes. The discovery of thallium-doped sodium iodide (NaI) followed by the earlier discovery of cadmium tungstate (CdWO4) brought revolution in the luminescent physics. In a burst of exploration during the following few years, the scintillation properties of most pure and activated alkali halide crystals were investigated between 1940 and 1950 [1, 2]. Lithium-containing compounds to detect neutrons and the core valance barium fluorides (BaF2) were discovered almost in the same decade. The search for new inorganic and organic scintillators is going on unabated. Indeed, the past two decades have witnessed a variable renaissance in research and development of new scintillator materials prompted in large part by the need for scintillators for precision calorimetry in high-energy physics and for high light output scintillators for medical imaging, geophysical exploration, nonproliferation and national security applications, and numerous other scientific and industrial applications [3–9].