Physiological Effects of Alkyl Polyphosphates

doi:10.1038/160760A0

Paper

Physiological Effects of Alkyl Polyphosphates

Published Nov 29, 1947 · A. Burgen, C. Keele, M. Chennells

Nature

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15

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Abstract

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Study Snapshot

Alkyl polyphosphates, such as tetraethylpyrophosphate and hexaethyltetraphosphate, are potent anticholinesterases, causing hyperexcitability, twitching, salivation, and convulsions in insects

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

Physiological Effects of Alkyl Polyphosphates

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References

Central Excitant Action of Diisopropylfluorophosphonate

Diisopropylfluorophosphonate, a more potent inhibitor of cholinesterase than eserine, acts as a central excitant like eserine sulphate, but requires larger doses to produce similar effects.

Effect of Hexaethyl Tetraphosphate on Choline Esterase in vitro and in vivo.∗

Hexaethyl tetraphosphate strongly inhibits mammalian and insect cholinesterase, suggesting its physiological effects may be in part due to its inhibition of this enzyme.

Citations

The long-acting anticholinesterase drugs in the management of myasthenia gravis.

Octamethyl pyrophosphoramide (OMPA) is an effective long-acting anticholinesterase drug for treating moderately severe and stable myasthenia gravis, but its use should be cautious in patients with stable but severe disease.

Poisoning due to tetraethylpyrophosphate.

History was obtained, and it was determined that he had been exposed to vapotone-XX during the previous two days, and had been sprayed on melons.

A study on the cause of death produced by angusticeps-type toxin F7 isolated from eastern green mamba venom.

Toxin F7 from eastern green mamba venom causes respiratory failure primarily due to its anticholinesterase activity, with atropine effectively protecting mice against respiratory failure.

Actions at Autonomic Ganglia

Autonomic ganglia play a crucial role in maintaining smooth peripheral function, with pre- and postganglionic fiber relations and ganglionic synapse regulation being key factors.

The‐rate of hydrolysis and composition of tetraethyl pyrophosphate (T.E.P.P.)

Tetraethyl pyrophosphate (T.E.P.P.) hydrolyzes in a first order reaction with a rate constant of 0.093 h-1 at 25° C and an activation energy of 10.7 kcal/mol, forming symmetric diethyl