Side effects of methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systemic, placebo-controlled evaluation.

Paper

Side effects of methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systemic, placebo-controlled evaluation.

Published Aug 1, 1990 · R. Barkley, M. B. McMurray, C. Edelbrock

Pediatrics

Q1 SJR score

488

Citations

19

Influential Citations

Semantic Scholar

Abstract

The frequency and severity of 17 side effects presumably associated with stimulant medication were assessed during a rigorous, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover evaluation of methylphenidate, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg twice a day, in 83 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Side effects were rated by parents and teachers at the end of each weekly drug condition. Three children (3.6%) had side effects that were sufficiently serious to warrant immediate discontinuation of medication. Parent ratings indicated that only the side effects of decreased appetite, insomnia, stomachaches, and headaches increased significantly in frequency and severity during the two active medication doses as compared with the placebo condition. Fewer than half of the children experienced these side effects and among those who did, ratings of mean severity remained in the mild range. Teacher ratings showed little change over drug conditions, except on ratings of staring, sadness, and anxiety, which declined with increasing dose of medication. Parent ratings indicated that only the side effects of decreased appetite, insomnia, stomachaches, and headaches increased significantly in frequency and severity during the two active medication doses as compared with the placebo condition. Fewer than half of the children experienced these side effects and among those who did, ratings of mean severity remained in the mild range. Teacher ratings showed little change over drug conditions, except on ratings of staring, sadness, and anxiety, which declined with increasing dose of medication. Surprisingly, a high frequency of these behavior side effects were reported during the placebo condition. Stimulant medication within this therapeutic range, therefore, results in few, generally mild side effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Study Snapshot

Methylphenidate, within its therapeutic range, results in few, generally mild side effects in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

Side effects of methylphenidate in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systemic, placebo-controlled evaluation.

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References

Citations

Appetite hormones, neuropsychological function and methylphenidate use in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Orexin A and ghrelin play significant roles in attention deficits and methylphenidate usage in ADHD, with ghrelin levels positively correlated with methylphenidate dosage and negatively correlated with side effects.

Add-On Bifidobacterium Bifidum Supplement in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 12-Week Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Bifidobacterium bifidum supplementation can improve neuropsychological performance in children with ADHD, potentially by altering gut microbiota composition and reducing N-Glycan biosynthesis.

A Post-Hoc Analysis of Emotional Lability With Delayed-Release/Extended-Release Methylphenidate in Children Aged 6 to 12 Years of Age Participating in Two Phase 3 Clinical Trials

DR/ER-MPH treatment significantly improves emotional lability in children with ADHD, bringing them closer to non-ADHD peers.

Key Questions on the Long-Term Utility of Methylphenidate in Paediatric Brain Tumour Survivorship: A Retrospective Clinical Case Series

Methylphenidate may provide medium-term benefits for working memory, processing speed, and full-scale IQ in paediatric brain tumor survivors, but larger, appropriately powered studies are needed.

Adverse Events During Dosing of Delayed-Release/Extended-Release Methylphenidate: Learnings From the Open-Label Phase of a Registration Trial and a Real-World Postmarketing Surveillance Program.

Delayed-release/extended-release methylphenidate has a generally tolerable safety profile, but clinicians may consider managing tolerability issues rather than discontinuing treatment immediately after adverse event onset for optimal therapeutic benefit.

Anxiety and Somatic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Children and adolescents with ADHD have more anxiety and somatic symptoms, which increase in severity, and these symptoms are lower than in those receiving methylphenidate treatment.

Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methylphenidate may provide benefits for children and adolescents with ADHD, but its long-term safety and effectiveness remain uncertain.

The Effect of Meditation-Based Mind-Body Interventions on Symptoms and Executive Function in People With ADHD: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Meditation-based mind-body interventions (MBIs) show a small but significant improvement in attention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and executive function in individuals with ADHD.