Mechanistic study of a one-step catalytic conversion of fructose to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran.

doi:10.1002/chem.201201522

Paper

Mechanistic study of a one-step catalytic conversion of fructose to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran.

Published Sep 24, 2012 · Matthew R. Grochowski, Weiran Yang, Ayusman Sen

Chemistry

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64

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Abstract

Carbohydrates, such as fructose, can be fully dehydroxylated to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF), a valuable chemical and potential gasoline substitute, by the use of a dual catalytic system consisting of HI and RhX(3) (X=Cl, I). A mechanistic study has been carried out to understand the roles that both acid and metal play in the reaction. HI serves a two-fold purpose: HI acts as a dehydration agent (loss of 3 H(2)O) in the initial step of the reaction, and as a reducing agent for the conjugated carbinol group in a subsequent step. I(2) is formed in the reduction step and metal-catalyzed hydrogenation reforms HI. The rhodium catalyst, in addition to catalyzing the reaction of iodine with hydrogen, functions as a hydrogenation catalyst for C=O and C=C bonds. A general mechanistic scheme for the overall reaction is proposed based on identification of intermediates, independent reactions of the intermediates, and deuterium labeling studies.

Study Snapshot

A dual catalytic system consisting of HI and RhX(3) effectively converts fructose to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, a valuable chemical and potential gasoline substitute, with HI acting as a dehydration agent and reducing agent.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

Mechanistic study of a one-step catalytic conversion of fructose to 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran.

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References

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This study demonstrates a one-step catalytic transformation of carbohydrates and cellulosic biomass into 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF) for liquid fuels, offering a promising alternative to ethanol and offering desirable properties compared to petroleum-derived transportation fuels.

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