Oxybutynin: past, present, and future

doi:10.1007/s00192-012-1915-8

Paper

Oxybutynin: past, present, and future

Published Apr 1, 2013 · K. Jirschele, P. Sand

International Urogynecology Journal

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31

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1

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Abstract

Oxybutynin chloride is primarily indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). It remains the most widely prescribed compound for OAB in the world. OAB is defined as the presence of urinary urgency, usually accompanied by daytime urinary frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of infection or other identifiable etiology. This is a significant problem for men and women said to affect over 33 million adults in the USA, with the prevalence increasing with age. These symptoms can alter quality of life, with both physical and psychological impairment, as well as cause significant financial burden including the cost of sanitary supplies and decreased work productivity. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods may be employed to aid in the treatment of OAB. The mainstay of treatment for OAB relies on pharmacological management, most specifically treatment with antimuscarinic medications. These medications are thought to prevent involuntary bladder contractions and/or urgency by inhibiting the muscarinic receptors within the urothelium and detrusor muscle. Currently, there are six different medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of OAB, with more than nine formulations including immediate- and extended-release tablets, transdermal patch and gel, vaginal ring, and suppository. This review will focus specifically on oxybutynin chloride, which has been used to treat OAB for four decades in numerous formulations.

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Study Snapshot

Oxybutynin chloride is the most widely prescribed compound for overactive bladder syndrome, with a history of over four decades in various formulations, and remains the most widely prescribed antimuscarinic medication for this condition.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Oxybutynin: past, present, and future

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References

Pathophysiology of overactive bladder

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common disorder characterized by urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia, with various pathophysiological factors, including neurogenic, myogenic, and idiopathic factors.

Anticholinergics for Overactive Bladder Therapy: Central Nervous System Effects

Antimuscarinic overactive bladder drugs may cause adverse central nervous system effects, and selecting a drug with reduced potential for these effects is advisable.

Oxybutynin topical and transdermal formulations: an update.

Oxybutynin chloride topical gel (OTG) effectively relieves overactive bladder symptoms and has a low incidence of anticholinergic adverse events, making it a valuable alternative to oral antimuscarinic agents.

An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for female pelvic floor dysfunction

A consensus-based terminology report for female pelvic floor dysfunction has been developed, encompassing over 250 definitions and aiming to aid clinical practice and stimulate research.

The evolution of transdermal therapy for overactive bladder

Transdermal oxybutynin gel has improved tolerability and efficacy in treating overactive bladder syndrome, with low side effects and minimal constipation.

Qualitative and quantitative expression profile of muscarinic receptors in human urothelium and detrusor.

Muscarinic receptor subtypes are present in both the detrusor and urothelium of the human bladder, supporting an alternative site of action for anti-muscarinic drugs in overactive bladder treatment.

Differential effects of the antimuscarinic agents darifenacin and oxybutynin ER on memory in older subjects.

Oxybutynin ER caused significant memory deterioration in older subjects, while darifenacin had no significant effects versus placebo, and subjects may not recognize or report memory deterioration.

Citations

Oxybutynin Abuse in An Adolescent: A Case Report

Oxybutynin abuse is a potential issue in adolescents, highlighting the need for clinicians to be cautious about its abuse due to its euphoric and hallucinogenic effects.

Synthesis and enzymatic resolution of novel analogs of alicyclic and heterocyclic mandelic acid derivatives

This study demonstrates the synthesis and enzymatic resolution of novel alicyclic and heterocyclic mandelic acid derivatives using commercially available aldehydes and the Amano PS enzyme.

Oxybutynin ameliorates LPS‐induced inflammatory response in human bladder epithelial cells

Oxybutynin reduces inflammation in human bladder epithelial cells, potentially benefiting bladder health and treating urinary incontinence.

First-in-human study to assess the pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of single-dose oxybutynin hydrochloride administered via a microprocessor-controlled intravaginal ring

Intravaginal administration of oxybutynin hydrochloride using the MedRing device was well-tolerated and efficient, with plasma levels comparable to orally administered oxybutynin.

The effect of electromagnetic field on sleep of patients with nocturia

Electromagnetic field (SR) therapy can improve sleep, quality of life, and nocturia symptoms in patients with nocturia.