Pistachios increase serum antioxidants and lower serum oxidized-LDL in hypercholesterolemic adults.

doi:10.3945/jn.109.117366

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Pistachios increase serum antioxidants and lower serum oxidized-LDL in hypercholesterolemic adults.

Published Jun 1, 2010 · C. Kay, S. Gebauer, S. West

The Journal of nutrition

Q1 SJR score

104

Citations

5

Influential Citations

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Abstract

Pistachios are high in lutein, beta-carotene, and gamma-tocopherol relative to other nuts; however, studies of the effects of pistachios on oxidative status are lacking. We conducted a randomized, crossover controlled-feeding study to evaluate 2 doses of pistachios on serum antioxidants and biomarkers of oxidative status in 28 hypercholesterolemic adults (LDL-cholesterol >or=2.86 mmol/L). Participants consumed 3 isoenergetic diets for 4 wk each after a 2-wk baseline Western diet. Experimental diets included a lower-fat control diet without pistachios (25% total fat) with 1 serving/d (i.e. 32-63 g/d; energy adjusted) of pistachios (1 PD; 10% energy from pistachios; 30% total fat) or with 2 servings/d (63-126 g/d; energy adjusted) of pistachios (2 PD; 20% energy from pistachios; 34% total fat). When participants consumed the pistachio-enriched diets, they had higher plasma lutein (P < 0.0001), alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene (P < 0.01) concentrations than after the baseline diet. After consuming the pistachio diets, participants had greater plasma lutein (P < 0.001) and gamma-tocopherol (P < 0.05; 2 PD only) relative to the lower-fat control diet. After the 2 PD diet period, participants also had lower serum oxidized-LDL concentrations than following the baseline diet period (P < 0.05). After both the 1 PD and 2 PD diet periods, they had lower serum oxidized-LDL concentrations than after the control diet period (P < 0.05). The change in oxidized-LDL from baseline correlated positively with the change in LDL-cholesterol across all treatments (r = 0.42; P < 0.005). After controlling for the change in serum LDL-cholesterol as a covariate, increases in serum lutein and gamma-tocopherol following the 2 PD period were still modestly associated with decreases in oxidized-LDL (r = -0.36, P = 0.06 and r = -0.35, P = 0.08, respectively). This suggests that a heart-healthy diet including pistachios contributes to the decrease in the serum oxidized-LDL concentration through cholesterol-lowering and may provide an added benefit as a result of the antioxidants the pistachios contain.

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Study Snapshot

Key takeawayPistachios contribute to lowering serum oxidized-LDL concentrations in hypercholesterolemic adults by lowering cholesterol and providing added benefits due to their antioxidant properties.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Pistachios increase serum antioxidants and lower serum oxidized-LDL in hypercholesterolemic adults.

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References

Nuts and novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.

Nut consumption may benefit cardiovascular risk beyond cholesterol lowering, with potential benefits for LDL oxidizability, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.

Acute effect of nut consumption on plasma total polyphenols, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation.

Consumption of both walnuts and almonds increases plasma polyphenol concentrations, increases total antioxidant capacity, and reduces plasma lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers.

Effects of pistachios on cardiovascular disease risk factors and potential mechanisms of action: a dose-response study.

Pistachios in a healthy diet can reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors in a dose-dependent manner, potentially due to their effects on stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity.

The role of tree nuts and peanuts in the prevention of coronary heart disease: multiple potential mechanisms.

Nut and peanut consumption reduces coronary heart disease risk and associated risk factors, with a 35% reduced risk in the highest intake group.

Altered Uric Acid Levels and Disease States

Altered uric acid levels are linked to various diseases, and manipulating these levels may help treat or prevent various diseases.

Citations

Protective effects of pistachio hydroalcoholic extract on morphine-induced analgesic tolerance and dependence: investigating the impact of oxidative stress

Chronic administration of pistachio extract (PX) prevents morphine-induced analgesic tolerance and dependency in mice, potentially reducing oxidative stress and promoting recovery.

Low-Cost Classification of Close and Open Shell Antep Pistachio Nuts based on Image Analysis and Machine Learning

This study developed a low-cost classification model using image processing and machine learning, effectively identifying different pistachio species and increasing their economic worth.

Effects of Peanuts and Pistachios on Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Syndrome: A Review

Consuming peanuts and pistachios can improve gut microbiota, potentially reducing metabolic syndrome risk factors and inflammation triggered by a high-fat diet.

A Review of Foods of Plant Origin as Sources of Vitamins with Proven Activity in Oxidative Stress Prevention according to EFSA Scientific Evidence

Foods of plant origin containing riboflavin, vitamin C, and vitamin E show potential benefits against oxidative stress, but no food has been approved for health claims related to oxidative stress prevention.

The effect of nuts consumption on circulating oxidized low‐density lipoproteins: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nut consumption significantly decreases circulating levels of oxidized low-density lipoproteins, potentially benefiting prevention and progression of ASCVD.