Strategies for initial management of hypertension

doi:10.4103/ijmr.2010_132_05_531

Paper

Strategies for initial management of hypertension

Published Nov 1, 2010 · Rajeev Gupta, S. Guptha

The Indian Journal of Medical Research

Q2 SJR score

134

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3

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Abstract

High blood pressure (BP) is a major public health problem in India and its prevalence is rapidly increasing among urban and rural populations. Reducing systolic and diastolic BP can decrease cardiovascular risk and this can be achieved by non-pharmacological (lifestyle measures) as well as pharmacological means. Lifestyle changes should be the initial approach to hypertension management and include dietary interventions (reducing salt, increasing potassium, alcohol avoidance, and multifactorial diet control), weight reduction, tobacco cessation, physical exercise, and stress management. A number of pharmaceutical agents, well evidenced by large randomized clinical trials, are available for initial treatment of high BP. These include older molecules such as thiazide diuretics and beta-blocking agents and newer molecules, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). In view of the recent clinical trials data, some international guidelines suggest that CCB, ACE inhibitors or ARB and not beta-blockers or diuretics should be the initial therapy in hypertension management. Comprehensive hypertension management focuses on reducing overall cardiovascular risk by lifestyle measures, BP lowering and lipid management and should be the preferred initial treatment approach.

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Study Snapshot

Lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical agents, such as CCB, ACE inhibitors, or ARB, should be the initial approach to managing high blood pressure.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Strategies for initial management of hypertension

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Citations

The effect of results-based motivating system on metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases: A field trial study

Intervention packages involving non-physician health workers and community health needs can decrease obesity and overweight in the community, but longer trials are needed for effects on hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

Differentials in lifestyle practices and determinants among hypertensive adults from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria

Poor knowledge and engagement in healthy lifestyle practices among adults with hypertension in Nigeria highlight the need for integrating lifestyle education for effective hypertension management.

Dependable approaches to hypertension management: A review

This paper highlights the need for tailored interventions, mindfulness-based interventions, integrative medicine, digital health technologies, and personalized medicine to effectively manage hypertension and improve global cardiovascular health outcomes.

Natural resources can help reducing cardiovascular risk: randomized controlled study

Balneotherapy using natural resources significantly reduces blood pressure, heart rate, and stress levels, offering an additional cardiovascular disease prevention and management method in integrative therapy.

Qualitative Study on Knowledge of Non-Pharmacological Interventions as Management Strategies for Hypertension Among Middle-Aged Adults in Rural Areas of Anambra State

Middle-aged adults in rural Anambra state lack in-depth knowledge of hypertension management strategies, highlighting the need for social workers to raise awareness through education, health services, and transport services.

A Review on Efficacy of Dietary Approaches in The Management of Hypertension

Adopting a balanced diet with sufficient high-quality protein, fruits, vegetables, and reduced salt intake is highly effective in managing blood pressure.

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The study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension risk factors among the 35-60-year-old population in Wardha district, Maharashtra, using a standardized risk factor check list and a large sample size (165 patients).

Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control

A low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet can maintain normal blood pressure, slow atherosclerosis progression, and reduce the use of antihypertensive medications.