Hormonal Suppression in Female Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) Implanted Subcutaneously with Deslorelin.

doi:10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-21-000140

Paper

Hormonal Suppression in Female Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) Implanted Subcutaneously with Deslorelin.

Published May 5, 2022 · K. Carroll, Alexis L Mackiewicz, A. Ardeshir

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS

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2

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Abstract

Providing effective contraception for nonhuman primates (NHP) is challenging. Deslorelin acetate is a commercially available gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist that may provide a relatively noninvasive, long-lasting, and potentially reversible alternative to standard NHP contraception methods. This study evaluated the duration of suppression of progesterone and estradiol in 6 adult female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that received a single subcutaneous 4.7 mg deslorelin implant. We hypothesized that deslorelin would suppress production of these hormones for 6 mo with a corresponding cessation of menses. Prior to implantation, blood was collected over 1 mo for baseline hormone analyses. Macaques were sedated at the onset of the next menstrual cycle and a 4.7 mg deslorelin implant was placed in the interscapular region. Blood was collected over the subsequent month at the same intervals used for the baseline collection schedule, and then every 7 d thereafter. Results showed that estradiol and progesterone transiently increased 1 to 3 d after implantation, then fell to basal levels within 6 d of implantation. The duration of hormone suppression (progesterone < 0.5 ng/mL) varied among animals. Two macaques returned to cyclicity by 96 d and 113 d after implantation, while hormones remained suppressed in the other 4 macaques at 6 mo after implantation. Cessation of menses correlated with hormone suppression except in 1 animal that continued to have sporadic vaginal bleeding despite progesterone remaining below 0.5 ng/mL. This study indicates that deslorelin is a noninvasive and long-lasting contraceptive method in female rhesus macaques. However, individual variation should be considered when determining reimplantation intervals.

Animal Study

Study Snapshot

Key takeawayDeslorelin is a noninvasive and long-lasting contraceptive method in female rhesus macaques, with individual variation in hormone suppression duration.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

Hormonal Suppression in Female Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) Implanted Subcutaneously with Deslorelin.

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References

Citations

Update on Current Hormonal and Non-Hormonal Contraceptive Options in Non-Human Primates

Current hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive options for non-human primates show promise, but more data is needed on their reproductive management techniques.

Long-acting reversible contraception with etonogestrel implants in female macaques (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis)

Etonogestrel implants are effective, long-acting, reversible, and safe contraceptives for use in female macaques, with no clinical effects on hemoglobin, blood chemistry, or uterus volume.