Valsartan Attenuates Atherosclerosis via Upregulating the Th2 Immune Response in Prolonged Angiotensin II-Treated ApoE−/− Mice

doi:10.2119/molmed.2014.00195

Paper

Valsartan Attenuates Atherosclerosis via Upregulating the Th2 Immune Response in Prolonged Angiotensin II-Treated ApoE−/− Mice

Published Feb 9, 2015 · K. Meng, Qiutang Zeng, Qinghua Lu

Molecular Medicine

Q1 SJR score

30

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0

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Abstract

Valsartan has a protective effect against hypertension and atherosclerosis in humans and experimental animal models. This study aimed to determine the effect of prolonged treatment with angiotensin II (Ang II) on atherosclerosis and the effect of valsartan on the activity of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets. The results showed that prolonged treatment (8 wks) with exogenous Ang II resulted in an increased atherosclerotic plaque size and a switch of stable-to-unstable plaque via modulating on CD4+ T lymphocyte activity, including an increase in the T helper cell type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells and a decrease in Th2 and regulatory T (Treg) cells. In contrast, valsartan treatment efficiently reversed the imbalance in CD4+ T lymphocyte activity, ameliorated atherosclerosis and elicited a stable plaque phenotype in addition to controlling blood pressure. In addition, treatment with anti-interleukin (IL)-5 monoclonal antibodies weakened the antiatherosclerotic effects of valsartan without affecting blood pressure.

Non-RCT

Animal Study

Rigorous Journal

Study Snapshot

Valsartan effectively reduces atherosclerosis and stabilizes plaques in mice by reversing the imbalance in CD4+ T lymphocyte activity, while also controlling blood pressure.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Paper

Valsartan Attenuates Atherosclerosis via Upregulating the Th2 Immune Response in Prolonged Angiotensin II-Treated ApoE−/− Mice

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References

Helix-Loop-Helix Factor Inhibitor of Differentiation 3 Regulates Interleukin-5 Expression and B-1a B Cell Proliferation

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Natural Regulatory T Cells Limit Angiotensin II–Induced Aneurysm Formation and Rupture in Mice

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Depletion of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells promotes atherosclerosis by altering lipoprotein metabolism, leading to increased cholesterol levels and atherogenic lipoprotein profiles.

Citations

Interleukin‐5 alleviates cardiac remodelling via the STAT3 pathway in angiotensin II‐infused mice

IL-5 deficiency promotes M2 macrophage differentiation and exacerbates cardiac remodelling in angiotensin II-infused mice, making it a potential target for clinical prevention of cardiac remodelling.

Modulation of TNF‐α, interleukin‐6, and interleukin‐10 by nebivolol–valsartan and nebivolol–lisinopril polytherapy in SHR rats

Combining nebivolol with lisinopril or valsartan reduces inflammation and increases IL-10 levels in an experimental hypertensive rat model.

Immunomodulation and immunopharmacology in heart failure

Immunomodulatory treatments may benefit certain subpopulations of heart failure patients and could enhance the potential of existing treatments.

Deficiency of Tregs in hypertension‐associated left ventricular hypertrophy

Circulating Tregs are significantly decreased in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, independent of blood pressure regulation, and IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-1 are related to LVH in hypertension.

Targeting regulatory T cells for cardiovascular diseases

Targeting regulatory T cells may help prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases by regulating immune balance, suppressing inflammation, and promoting cardiac regeneration.