How does robots use Arduino?
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How Robots Use Arduino: A Comprehensive Overview
Introduction to Arduino in Robotics
Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, has become a cornerstone in the development of various robotic systems. Its ease of use, flexibility, and extensive community support make it an ideal choice for both hobbyists and professionals. This article explores how robots utilize Arduino for different functionalities, from basic control to complex automation.
Arduino-Based Robotic Arms
Design and Implementation
Robotic arms are a common application of Arduino in robotics. For instance, a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm controlled via a mobile application has been developed using Arduino. This arm, equipped with five rotary joints and an end effector, receives commands through Bluetooth, allowing for remote operation. The servomotors provide the necessary rotary motion, and the entire system is designed using SolidWorks and 3D printing technology1.
Industrial Applications
In industrial settings, Arduino-based robotic arms are used for tasks such as pick and place operations. An example is a system featuring an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, which automates tasks to reduce human error. This system includes a 6 DOF metal mechanical arm, various sensors, and a chassis with Omni wheels for mobility. It is controlled via RF signals and integrates features like line following and obstacle avoidance3.
Educational and Research Robots
Integration with ROS
Arduino is also pivotal in educational and research robots, particularly when integrated with the Robot Operating System (ROS). This integration allows for hardware abstraction and intuitive operation, enabling researchers to focus on their primary objectives, such as search and rescue or swarm robotics. The ROS driver interface facilitates data analysis, multi-robot interaction, and the use of various sensors4.
Balancing Robots
Another educational application is the development of balancing robots. These robots, controlled by Arduino and operated via a mobile app, use 3D modeling and printing for their design. The two-wheel drive system ensures stability and balance, making it an excellent tool for learning and experimentation7.
Specialized Robotic Systems
Wireless Micro Robots
Arduino also powers specialized robotic systems like wireless piezoelectric micro robots. These robots, which can be as small as several dozen cubic centimeters, use piezoelectric bimorph beams for movement. They are controlled wirelessly via Bluetooth and can integrate micro sensors for environmental interaction5.
Obstacle Avoiding Robots
Obstacle avoidance is another critical application. Robots equipped with ultrasonic sensors and controlled by Arduino can detect and avoid obstacles autonomously. The entire system, including the motor driver and sensors, is programmed and simulated before being interfaced with the hardware6.
Voice-Controlled and Automated Robots
Voice-Controlled Robotic Cars
Voice-controlled robotic cars are an innovative use of Arduino. These cars respond to voice commands for movement and can avoid obstacles using ultrasonic sensors. The Arduino UNO microcontroller, along with a Bluetooth module, enables wireless control via a smartphone8.
Automated Locomotion Robots
Automated locomotion robots, designed for tasks like parcel delivery, also leverage Arduino. These robots can receive input signals from up to 150 meters away and follow instructions reliably, making them suitable for efficient product delivery9.
Conclusion
Arduino's versatility and ease of use have made it a fundamental component in the development of various robotic systems. From industrial robotic arms to educational platforms and specialized micro robots, Arduino enables precise control, automation, and innovation in robotics. As technology advances, the role of Arduino in robotics is likely to expand, driving further advancements in the field.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Design and implementation of Arduino based robotic arm
The Arduino-based robotic arm can be controlled from a distance using a mobile application and Bluetooth signals, providing six degrees of freedom for various tasks.
Arduino for Robotics
This chapter focuses on interfacing Arduino with switches, input control methods, and sensors, to complete the projects in this book.
Highly CitedArduino Based Pick and Place Robot with Robotic Arm for Industrial Use
This Arduino-based pick and place robotic system with a robotic arm can automate various industrial tasks and eliminate human error, benefiting industries like bottle filling and packaging.
Integrating Arduino-Based Educational Mobile Robots in ROS
This paper presents the integration of compact educational mobile robots built around Arduino controller boards in ROS, enabling easier data analysis, multi-robot surveillance, and engineering education.
Highly CitedConstruction of Wireless Piezoelectric Micro Robots with Arduino Control Module
Wireless piezoelectric micro robots with Arduino control module can be controlled wirelessly and can interact with environmental parameters, such as ultrasonic sensors and photosensitive resistors.
OBSTACLE AVOIDING ROBOTIC VEHICLE USING ARDUINO
This project demonstrates an obstacle-avoiding robotic vehicle using Arduino, ultrasonic sensor, motor driver, and servo motor, capable of obstacle detection and avoidance.
Arduino based Balancing Robot
The balancing robot can be operated wirelessly through a mobile app, using 3D modeling, 3D printing, and Arduino-based balancing control.
Voice Controlled Robotic Car using Arduino
The Voice Controlled Robotic Car is a car that responds to user voice commands, and can be controlled wirelessly via a smartphone.
Automated Locomotion Robot: using Arduino
The locomotion robot effectively delivers goods and parcels, with a maximum range of 150 meters, using Arduino as its brain.
Arduino controlled robotic arm
The 5 DOF robotic arm is controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller, with servomotors providing rotary motion, and can be controlled by potentiometers.
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