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There are various methods available to relieve cough, ranging from natural remedies like honey to more specialized treatments such as capsaicin and cough augmentation techniques. While some treatments have strong evidence supporting their efficacy, others require further research. It is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment for your specific condition.
Coughing can be a bothersome symptom, whether it’s due to a common cold, allergies, or other underlying conditions. Fortunately, there are several remedies and treatments available that can help alleviate cough symptoms. This article explores various methods to find relief from cough, supported by recent research findings.
Honey: A Natural Remedy
Honey has been traditionally used to soothe sore throats and reduce cough. Recent studies have shown that honey can be effective in relieving cough symptoms in children. According to a systematic review, honey probably reduces cough frequency better than no treatment or placebo and may have a similar effect as dextromethorphan, a common over-the-counter cough suppressant1 2. However, it is important to note that honey should not be given to children under one year of age due to the risk of botulism.
Herbal Medications
Traditional herbal medications, such as Maekmoondong-tang (MMDT), have been used in East Asian countries to treat cough. A systematic review and meta-analysis found that MMDT could reduce the severity of cough compared to conventional antitussive medications. However, the evidence is inconsistent, and more rigorously designed trials are needed to establish its efficacy3.
Capsaicin: Spicing Up Cough Relief
Capsaicin, the active component in chili peppers, has been studied for its potential to desensitize the cough reflex. A study involving patients with chronic unexplained cough found that oral intake of capsaicin significantly improved cough symptoms and increased the threshold for cough reflex sensitivity5. This suggests that capsaicin could be a promising treatment for chronic cough.
Over-the-Counter Medications
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are commonly used to relieve cough symptoms. Dextromethorphan (DM) is one such medication that has been shown to modestly decrease cough in adults. However, the effectiveness of other OTC remedies, such as antihistamines and decongestants, is less clear. In children, honey has been found to be more effective than DM or no treatment in reducing cough frequency and severity7 8.
Nasal Sprays for Allergic Rhinitis
For those suffering from cough associated with allergic rhinitis, nasal sprays like mometasone furoate can provide relief. A study demonstrated that mometasone furoate nasal spray significantly improved daytime cough severity and nasal symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis6.
Cough Augmentation Techniques
People with chronic neuromuscular disorders often have a weak cough, making it difficult to clear mucus from their airways. Cough augmentation techniques, such as mechanical insufflation-exsufflation, can help improve cough effectiveness. However, the evidence on the safety and efficacy of these techniques is still uncertain, and further studies are needed9.
Post-Surgical Cough Pain Relief
Coughing after thoracoscopic surgery can be particularly painful. A study investigated the use of intrapleural ropivacaine for pain relief and found that higher volumes of the anesthetic were more effective in reducing cough pain and morphine consumption post-surgery4.