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While ear cleaning is a common practice, it is essential to use safe methods to avoid complications. Dry mopping, ear drops, irrigation, and suction clearance are effective techniques when performed correctly. Avoid inserting objects into the ear canal and seek professional help if you experience any ear-related symptoms. Public awareness about the risks of improper ear cleaning and the benefits of professional care is vital for maintaining ear health3 4 5 9.
Ear cleaning is a common practice, but it is essential to do it correctly to avoid potential complications. This article will guide you through the safe methods of ear cleaning and highlight the risks associated with improper techniques.
Understanding Earwax
Earwax, or cerumen, is a natural secretion produced by the sebaceous and ceruminous glands in the ear canal. It serves several important functions:
- Protection: Traps dust and foreign particles, preventing them from reaching the eardrum.
- Antibacterial Properties: Helps to prevent infections.
- Self-Cleaning Mechanism: Jaw movements, such as chewing, help move old earwax from the ear canal to the outer ear, where it flakes off naturally3 6.
Risks of Self-Ear Cleaning
Self-ear cleaning is a widespread practice, but it can pose several risks:
- Injury: Inserting objects like cotton buds into the ear canal can cause eardrum perforation, retained foreign bodies, and otitis externa3 5 9.
- Complications: Over-cleaning can lead to maceration of the ear canal lining, triggering otitis and other complications such as ear canal avulsion, vestibular syndrome, and deafness4 10.
Safe Methods for Ear Cleaning
1. Dry Mopping
Dry mopping involves using cotton wool or tissue paper to gently clean the outer ear. This method is effective for removing mucopurulent discharge but less effective for thick pus or epithelial debris1.
2. Ear Drops
Ear drops can help soften and remove earwax. There are various types of ear drops:
- Oil-Based: Olive or almond oil.
- Water-Based: Sodium bicarbonate or water.
- Non-Water, Non-Oil-Based: Carbamide peroxide and glycerol6.
3. Irrigation
Irrigation involves using water or saline to flush out earwax. This method should be performed by a healthcare professional to avoid damage to the ear canal2 4.
4. Suction Clearance
Suction clearance, typically performed under a microscope, is an effective method for removing earwax and debris. This procedure should be done by an otolaryngologist to ensure safety and effectiveness1 2.
When to Seek Professional Help
If you experience symptoms such as hearing loss, pain, irritation, dizziness, or ringing in the ears, it is crucial to consult a healthcare provider. Self-cleaning can exacerbate these issues, and professional intervention may be necessary3 5 7.