Check out this answer from Consensus:
Ozempic is an effective medication for managing type 2 diabetes and aiding weight loss, but it is not without its side effects. Common gastrointestinal issues, serious conditions like pancreatitis and diabetic retinopathy complications, and emerging concerns such as appendicitis and facial changes highlight the need for careful monitoring and patient education. Healthcare providers should weigh the benefits and risks of Ozempic and ensure that patients are well-informed about potential side effects.
Ozempic (semaglutide) is a medication primarily used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, which mimic the action of GLP-1 to regulate appetite and promote weight loss. While Ozempic has shown significant benefits in managing diabetes and aiding weight loss, it is also associated with various side effects. This article explores the common and less common side effects of Ozempic, providing a comprehensive overview for healthcare providers and patients.
Common Side Effects of Ozempic
The most frequently reported side effects of Ozempic include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation. These adverse reactions were observed in at least 5% of patients treated with Ozempic1. These symptoms are often mild to moderate in severity and tend to decrease over time as the body adjusts to the medication.
Serious Side Effects of Ozempic
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is a serious condition that has been reported in clinical trials involving Ozempic. Patients experiencing severe abdominal pain should discontinue the medication immediately and seek medical attention. If pancreatitis is confirmed, Ozempic should not be restarted1.
Diabetic Retinopathy Complications
Patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy should be closely monitored while on Ozempic, as complications related to this condition have been reported in clinical trials1.
Acute Kidney Injury
Severe gastrointestinal reactions can lead to acute kidney injury, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. Monitoring renal function in these patients is crucial1.
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported. If such reactions are suspected, Ozempic should be discontinued, and medical advice should be sought promptly1.
Rare and Emerging Side Effects
Appendicitis
There is emerging evidence suggesting a potential link between GLP-1 receptor agonists like Ozempic and an increased risk of appendicitis. Although data are limited, case reports indicate that gastrointestinal effects of GLP-1 RAs may contribute to this condition4.
Facial Changes
Rapid weight loss associated with Ozempic use can lead to significant changes in facial appearance, often referred to as “Ozempic face.” This condition is characterized by a depletion of facial volume and fat, resulting in wrinkles and sagging skin. Patients should be counseled about these potential changes, and options such as dermal fillers and skin tightening techniques may be considered2.
Thyroid Cancer
While some studies have established a causal relationship between semaglutide and thyroid cancer in rodents, this has not been proven in humans. However, the potential risk remains a concern and warrants further investigation3.