Ursula Hagedorn-Leweke, B. Lippold
Sep 1, 1995
Citations
5
Influential Citations
78
Citations
Quality indicators
Journal
Pharmaceutical Research
Abstract
AbstractPurpose. The goal of this study was to quantify the transdermally absorbed amounts of the sunscreens octyl dimethyl p-aminobenzoic acid, oxybenzone, 4-isopropyl-dibenzoylmethane, 3-(4-methylben-zylidene)-camphor, isoamyl-4-methoxycinnamate, the repellent and plasticizer dibutyl phthalate, the antioxidant 3.5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, and the antimicrobial compounds butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, biphenyl-2-ol, and 2,4,4′-tri-chlor-2′-hydroxydiphenylether (tri-closane). Permeabilities PB and maximum fluxes Jmax should be correlated with relevant physicochemical properties. Methods. Saturated solutions of the above-mentioned compounds in a propylene glycol/water mixture were applied to the skin using glass chambers which were fixed to the upper arms of volunteers. Maximum fluxes were calculated from concentration decreases in the vehicle. Results. A linear relationship between the logarithms of permeabilities PB of the penetrants (0.02–0.28 cm h−l) and the corresponding octanol/vehicle partition coefficients PCOct/v (166–186,208) was found. Consequently, the influence of aqueous boundary layers could be neglected. However, the slope of the resulting straight line of 0.38 is considerably smaller than unity indicating that PCOct/v does not represent the lipophilicity of the stratum corneum adequately. Maximum fluxes range from 0.5 to 130 µg cm−2 h−1. A general equation for the calculation of Jmax was derived based on experimental data taking into account the PCOct/v and the solubilities csV of the respective penetrants in the vehicle.