R. Barney
Sep 1, 2009
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Abstract
s of Some Papers Presented at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the Kentucky Academy of Science Edited by Robert J. Barney AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Bensulide Residues in Runoff Water from Agricultural Soil. GEORGE F. ANTONIOUS, Kentucky State University, Land Grant Program, Frankfort, KY 40601. Bensulide [O, O-diisopropyl S-2-phenylsulfonylaminoethyl phosphorodithioate] is one of the few herbicides from the organophosphate group used for control of weeds that threaten numerous crops. A field study was conducted on a silty-loam soil of 10% slope at Kentucky State University Research Farm to monitor off-site movement and persistence of bensulide in soil. Eighteen plots of 22 3 3.7 m each were separated using metal borders and the soil in six plots was mixed with sewage sludge and yard waste compost (SS-YW) at 15 tons/acre on dry weight basis, six plots were mixed with sewage sludge (SS) at 15 tons/acre, and six unamended plots (NM) were used for comparison purposes. Plots were planted with summer squash, Cucurbita pepo, as the test plant. The objectives of this investigation were to: 1) determine the dissipation and half-life (T1/2) of bensulide in soil under three management practices; 2) monitor the concentration of bensulide residues in runoff and infiltration water following natural rainfall; and 3) determine the effect of soil amendments on the transport of NO3, NH4, and P into surface and subsurface water. Half-life (T1/2) values of bensulide in soil were 44.3, 37.6, and 27.1 days in SS-YW, SS, and NM treatments, respectively. Addition of SS-YW and SS to native soil increased water infiltration, lowering runoff water volume and bensulide residues in runoff following natural rainfall events. Yield and Quality of Sweet Potatoes Grown in Municipal Sewage Sludge. ERIC T. TURLEY*, and GEORGE F. ANTONIOUS, Kentucky State University, Land Grant Program, Department of Plant and Soil Science, 210 Atwood Research Facility, Frankfort, KY 40601. Demand for food is increasing and a lot of future plant production systems will depend on the use of fertilizers. Organic substances and nutrients in sewage sludge could be recycled and used for land farming. Field studies were conducted at Kentucky State University Research Farm, Franklin County, KY. Three soil management practices: 1) sewage sludge mixed with native soil at 15 tons/acre, 2) sewage sludge mixed with yard waste compost at 15 tons/ acre, and 3) native soil, were used for growing sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas cv. Beauregard. Mature sweet potatoes were harvested and graded according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Standards for Grades of Sweet Potatoes. Plants grown in sewage sludgeyard waste mix produced the greatest US No. 1 grade of sweet potatoes (smooth, well-shaped, and free from disease), US No. 2, total yield, and lowest weight of sweet potato culls compared to other two soil treatments. Total yield was increased by 53.7% in sewage sludge-yard waste treatments compared to the nomulch soil. We concluded that sewage sludge mixed with yard waste compost might be a suitable technique to reduce dependence on synthetic fertilizers, restore and improve soil quality and