Richard W. Brown
1991
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Abstract
Publisher Summary The chapter describes the benzene compounds carrying sulfonyl, sulfinyl, or sulfneyl functional groups and begins with the explanation of benzenesulfonic acids, the sulfonic acids and sulfonation is reviewed from an industrial perspective. The preparation and reactions are provided with schematic illustrations and examples. A large variety of preparative procedures continues to be used for the synthesis of benzenesulfonyl halides. The principal method of preparing esters of benzenesulfonic acids continues to be the reaction of sulfonyl chloride with a hydroxyl-containing compound in the presence of a base. A mild procedure for the sulfonylation of benzimidazole and benzotriazoles is reported. Benzenesulfonyl hydrazides and hydrazones undergo a variety of reactions resulting from cleavage of S-N bond. Tosyl hydrazide reacts with two equivalents of alkyl or activated aryl halides in the presence of sodium acetate to afford sulfones in high yields. The section on biological activity of benzenesulfonic acids and their derivatives is used extensively in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.