M. J. Hayford
Apr 12, 1988
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Abstract
Use of Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) in optical systems requires the ability to model the impact of HOEs on the system performance. Optical Research Associates' comprehensive optical design program CODE V accommodates this need by providing means for modeling a variety of HOE types. The HOE capability is a standard feature of CODE V and can be used in conjunction with conventional refracting and reflecting elements, tilts and decentrations, aspherics, etc. All analysis, optimization and tolerancing options include the effects of HOEs. A number of holographic systems including laser scanners, monochromators, and Head Up and Helmet Mounted displays have been designed with CODE V and successfully built, verifying the correctness of the program calculations of image quality and diffraction efficiency. Both transmission and reflection HOEs can be modeled. The HOE is specified in the end use system by the diffracted order, construction wavelength, and the location of the two construction sources. Aspheric construction wavefronts can be modeled by specifying a phase polynomial on the HOE surface. The construction parameters can be varied in the optimization option. Diffraction efficiency for volume HOEs can be calculated using the Kogelnik coupled wave formulation. The variation of efficiency can be displayed for each wavelength over aperture and field.