J. M. Reel, Christopher R. Lupfer
May 1, 2021
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Journal
The Journal of Immunology
Abstract
Pyruvate is a key metabolite for energy synthesis. After the production of pyruvate through glycolysis, the molecule then gets shuttled into the mitochondria. Once there, it is modified for use in the TCA cycle. While it is a key metabolite for the cell, it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Sodium pyruvate has been shown to have effects on metabolic pathways and their influence on the immune response to diseases. Previously we found that infecting mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) with influenza A virus (IAV) and treating those macrophages with sodium pyruvate dampened the immune response compared to untreated controls and other infections. We found that subcutaneous injections in vivo, while increasing activity, did not show noticeable differences between placebo and sodium pyruvate treated groups during IAV infection. However, nebulizing sodium pyruvate significantly improved proportional weight loss compared to saline controls. Sodium pyruvate treated groups were found to lose less weight and consume more chow over the course of infection. Nebulizing C57BL/6J mice with sodium pyruvate decreased viral titer and pro-inflammatory cytokines 7 days post-infection as well. Conclusively, nebulizing sodium pyruvate ameliorates IAV infection in vivo.