P. Froment, M. Genet, M. Devillers
Jul 1, 1999
Citations
0
Influential Citations
25
Citations
Journal
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
Abstract
The reduction of Ru at the surface of commercial RuCl3 and RuO2 has been observed during XPS analysis. The experiments have been performed with either a non-monochromatized (Mg K-alpha) or a monochromatized (Al K-alpha) X-ray beam. Ruthenium reduction is enhanced by increasing the X-ray dose, but the residual pressure exerts only a weak influence. The initial composition of commercial ruthenium (III) chloride hydrate is a complex mixture of chloro or chlorohydroxo species rather than pure RuCl3. nH(2)O. RuCl3 is not suitable as a reference compound for ruthenium chloride compounds in XPS analysis, because it contains mainly Ru(IV) which is reduced under X-ray. A similar reduction occurs at the surface of RuO2 samples (by reduction of RuO3 layers), and on the adventitious carbon. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.