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These studies suggest that diabetes causes millions of deaths annually, with significant variations by region and demographic factors, and is a major contributor to global mortality.
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Diabetes is a significant global health issue, contributing to millions of deaths annually. In 2019, the global age-standardized death rate for type 2 diabetes was 18.5 per 100,000 population, marking a 10.8% increase since 1990. This rise in mortality underscores the growing burden of diabetes worldwide.
The impact of diabetes on mortality varies significantly across different regions. For instance, in 2010, diabetes accounted for 6% of deaths in adults in the African Region and up to 15.7% in the North American Region. By 2019, diabetes was estimated to contribute to 11.3% of deaths globally among adults aged 20-79 years, with the highest rates observed in the Middle East and North Africa (16.2%) and the lowest in the Africa Region (6.8%).
Historical data reveal a consistent increase in diabetes-related deaths over the past few decades. In 2000, diabetes was responsible for approximately 2.9 million deaths globally, accounting for 5.2% of all deaths. By 2013, this number had risen to an estimated 5.1 million deaths, representing 8.4% of all-cause mortality among adults aged 20-79 years. This trend continued, with 4.2 million deaths attributed to diabetes in 2019.
Diabetes mortality rates also exhibit significant disparities based on age and gender. In 2010, beyond the age of 49, diabetes constituted a higher proportion of deaths in females than in males in all regions, reaching over 25% in some age groups. Similarly, in 2019, about half of the deaths attributable to diabetes occurred in individuals under the age of 60, with the Africa Region having the highest proportion (73.1%) of such deaths.
The primary causes of death among individuals with diabetes have evolved over time. Historically, cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death among diabetic patients. However, recent data indicate a shift, with cancer now emerging as a significant cause of death in this population . This transition reflects broader trends in declining cardiovascular mortality and highlights the need for comprehensive management strategies that address the diverse health risks faced by individuals with diabetes.
Diabetes continues to be a major contributor to global mortality, with significant regional, age, and gender disparities. The increasing number of diabetes-related deaths underscores the urgent need for effective prevention and management strategies. Addressing the multifaceted health challenges posed by diabetes requires a concerted effort to improve healthcare access, enhance disease monitoring, and implement targeted interventions, particularly in low and middle-income countries where the burden is greatest.
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