Industrial honeypots
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Industrial Honeypots: Enhancing Cybersecurity for Critical Infrastructure
Introduction to Industrial Honeypots
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are essential for managing critical infrastructure such as power grids, water treatment plants, and transportation systems. These systems are increasingly targeted by sophisticated cyberattacks, necessitating advanced security measures. Honeypots, which are decoy systems designed to attract and analyze malicious activities, have emerged as a crucial tool in defending ICS from cyber threats.
High-Interaction Honeypots for ICS
HoneyPLC: Advanced Camouflaging and Data Collection
HoneyPLC is a high-interaction honeypot specifically designed for ICS, particularly focusing on Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). It supports a wide range of PLC models and vendors, making it highly adaptable. HoneyPLC has demonstrated a high level of camouflaging, being identified as real devices by various reconnaissance tools such as Nmap and Shodan's Honeyscore. This honeypot has been effective in engaging attackers and collecting valuable data for future analysis.
ICSpot: Realistic Physical Process Simulation
ICSpot addresses the limitations of existing ICS honeypots by integrating realistic physical process simulations. This high-interaction honeypot mimics real system behavior, making it highly attractive to attackers. ICSpot has been deployed on both local Internet Exchange Points and AWS servers, successfully collecting interaction data over a 30-day period. The results indicate that the physical process port implemented in ICSpot is particularly effective in deceiving attackers.
Neural Network-Based Honeypots
NeuPot: Enhanced Interaction and Threat Detection
NeuPot leverages neural networks to improve honeypot interaction and cyber threat detection capabilities. It uses a seq2seq time-series forecast model to simulate long-term changes in ICS physical processes. Additionally, NeuPot employs a Modbus honeypot framework to react to these changes and capture various cyber threats. The novel loss function designed for industrial protocol-level malicious traffic detection allows NeuPot to identify both known and unknown threats effectively.
NeuralPot: Deep Neural Network Implementation
NeuralPot utilizes deep neural networks to adapt to network Modbus entities and clone them, actively confusing intruders. This approach enhances the honeypot's ability to attract and deceive attackers, thereby securing the rest of the network entities. The deep neural networks used in NeuralPot generate data that is then compared to ensure the effectiveness of the honeypot.
Model-Based and Cost-Effective Honeypots
MimePot: Cyber-Physical Honeypot with SDN Technology
MimePot is a model-based honeypot designed for industrial control networks. It simulates physical processes to lure skilled attackers targeting industrial plants. MimePot also incorporates Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology, providing a consistent and future-proof security approach. This honeypot has been demonstrated to be useful in performing data integrity attacks against a simulated water distribution system.
Cost-Effective Honeypots Using Proxy Technology
Constructing cost-effective and scalable honeypots for ICS can be challenging due to the proprietary and expensive nature of the hardware and software involved. A novel technique using proxy technology allows for the creation of multiple high-interaction honeypots using a single PLC. This method provides a cost-effective solution for distributing multiple, authentic, and targetable honeypots, enhancing the security of production networks.
Conclusion
Industrial honeypots are essential tools for enhancing the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure. Advanced honeypots like HoneyPLC, ICSpot, NeuPot, and MimePot offer sophisticated simulations and interactions that effectively deceive attackers and collect valuable data. Neural network-based and cost-effective honeypots further improve the adaptability and scalability of these security measures. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the development and deployment of innovative honeypots will remain a critical component of ICS defense strategies.
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