What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can present with a range of symptoms and clinical manifestations.

Unusual presentations of gonorrhea may occur, such as primary infection of the penile skin in males and infection of accessory genital glands in females, highlighting the need for high suspicion for diagnosis with atypical signs.
Females with gonorrhea may present with abnormal uterine bleeding, urinary tract symptoms, and cervicitis, suggesting an etiological role for the gonococcus in these disorders.
Neonatal gonorrhea typically presents as ophthalmia neonatorum with symptoms like bilateral conjunctival discharge and eyelid edema, while adolescents and adults may experience asymptomatic infections or develop symptoms such as urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Men with symptomatic gonorrhea often develop symptoms 2 to 7 days after infection, including urethritis, epididymitis, or prostatitis, while symptomatic women may develop symptoms 5 to 10 days after infection.
Extragenital gonorrhea can present as asymptomatic pharyngeal infection or as a rare disseminated infection with skin lesions, joint pain, and less commonly, endocarditis or meningitis.
Gonococcal adherence to urethral mucosal cells can explain the establishment of the bacteria in the urethra and the potential for asymptomatic carriage.

In conclusion, gonorrhea can manifest in various forms, from asymptomatic carriage to symptomatic infections affecting different parts of the body. Symptoms can range from genital, urinary, and reproductive issues to systemic infections. The variability in presentation underscores the importance of considering gonorrhea in patients with relevant symptoms and the need for appropriate diagnostic suspicion.

What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?

Summary

Sources and full results

Unusual presentations of gonorrhea.

Gonorrhea can present in unusual ways, such as penile skin infections and accessory genital gland infections, highlighting the need for a high index of suspicion in diagnosis.

Female Gonorrhea: Its Relation to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Urinary Tract Symptoms, and Cervicitis

Gonorrhea is significantly associated with abnormal uterine bleeding, urinary tract symptoms, and cervicitis, suggesting a role for gonococcus in the pathogenesis of these disorders.

Gonorrheal Diseases

Gonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection, with the highest prevalence in young adults aged 18-24 years, and is associated with factors such as early puberty, insufficient condom use, and social factors.

Gonorrhoeae must Compete with the Naturally Inhabitant of Microbial Community Right at the Outer Mucosal Surface to Authorize Infection

Gonorrhoeae competes with vaginal microbiota at the mucosal surface to initiate infection, with adherence playing a crucial role in its pathogenesis.

Adherence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to urethral mucosal cells: an electron-microscopic study of human gonorrhea.

Gonococci attach to urethral mucosal cells, causing asymptomatic carriage and potentially affecting the pathogenesis of other mucosal infections.

Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in the United States among Persons 14 to 39 Years of Age

Gonorrhea infection affects 0.24% of U.S. adults aged 14-39, with chlamydia infection affecting 2.2%, and is more prevalent in adolescents and non-Hispanic black individuals.

Lupus Flare: An Uncommon Presentation of Disseminated Gonorrhea

A rare case of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed septic shock from disseminated gonorrhea infection, highlighting the need for antibiotic treatment for gonorrhea in patients with SLE.

The diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease that can be effectively controlled through sexual behavior modification.

The Incidence and Correlates of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Selected Populations in Five Countries

A high prevalence and incidence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections were identified among men and women in various settings.

Signs and symptoms of prevalent and incident cases of gonorrhea and genital chlamydial infection among female prostitutes in Kinshasa, Zaire.

A syndromic approach to screening for gonorrhea and chlamydial infections in female prostitutes is as problematic for acute incident cases as for prevalent cases, highlighting the need for simple, cheap, and reliable tests in developing countries.

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