Is Caffeine chromosomal mutagen

Introduction

Caffeine, a widely consumed stimulant, has been studied for its potential mutagenic effects on chromosomes. Research has explored its impact on chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and its interaction with other mutagens across various organisms and cell types.

Key Insights

Caffeine and Chromosomal Aberrations:
- Caffeine induces chromosomal aberrations in various organisms, including Drosophila and human lymphocytes, particularly when administered during the G2 phase or approaching mitosis .
- Caffeine enhances the frequency of chromosomal aberrations when combined with other mutagens, such as methyl-methanesulphonate (MMS), mitomycin C (MC), and X-rays, likely due to its inhibition of post-replication repair processes .
Caffeine and DNA Repair Inhibition:
- Caffeine is considered an inhibitor of post-replication repair of DNA, which leads to an increase in chromatid aberrations when combined with chemical mutagens .
- The inhibition of DNA repair by caffeine results in a more random distribution of chromatid aberrations, as opposed to the non-random distribution observed with mutagens alone .
Caffeine's Mutagenic Effects in Different Models:
- In Drosophila, caffeine-induced chromosomal aberrations are observed, but the results on its mutagenicity are mixed, with some studies showing effects and others not .
- In mouse bone marrow cells, caffeine alone does not exhibit cytogenetic activity but can modulate the effects of other mutagens, either enhancing or attenuating their cytogenetic effects depending on the mutagen and treatment conditions.
Caffeine and Cancer Risk:
- In studies involving human lymphocytes, caffeine did not enhance the predictivity of mutagen sensitivity assays for breast cancer risk, although it did increase the rate of chromosomal aberrations by overriding G2 arrest and decreasing DNA repair time.

Conclusion

Caffeine has been shown to induce chromosomal aberrations and enhance the effects of other mutagens by inhibiting DNA repair processes. Its mutagenic effects vary across different organisms and experimental conditions, with significant implications for understanding its role in genetic damage and cancer risk. While caffeine alone may not always exhibit strong mutagenic activity, its interaction with other mutagens highlights its potential to influence chromosomal stability.

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Is Caffeine chromosomal mutagen

Summary

Consensus Meter

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

γ-Radiation-Induced Chromosomal Mutagen Sensitivity Is Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in African-American Women: Caffeine Modulates the Outcome of Mutagen Sensitivity Assay

Mutagen sensitivity assay is a risk factor for breast cancer in African-American women, with caffeine not enhancing the predictivity of the assay, but both DNA repair and G2 arrest capacity contribute to the phenotype.

Loss of Chromosomes and Nondisjunction induced by Caffeine in Drosophila

Caffeine induces chromosomal loss and nondisjunction in Drosophila, suggesting its potential mutagenic activity in various organisms.

Effect of caffeine on intrachromosomal distribution of chromatid aberrations induced by chemical mutagens in Crepis capillaris L

Caffeine combined with chemical mutagens alters the intrachromosomal distribution of chromatid aberrations, potentially due to differences in repair systems in heterochromatic and euchromatic regions.

Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by chemical mutagens and its possible relevance to DNA repair.

Chemical mutagens like 4NQO and MMC can induce sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster chromosomes, with caffeine-sensitive repair processes potentially playing a role in post-replication DNA damage repair.

Chromosomal aberrations induced by caffeine in somatic ganglia of Drosophila melanogaster.

Caffeine induces chromosomal aberrations in Drosophila melanogaster nerve ganglia when administered in G2 or approaching mitosis, with a threshold effect at doses exceeding 5 X 10(-3) M.

Junin virus-induced chromosomal aberrations in the guinea pig. Synergism between the attenuated strain XJ-clone 3 and caffeine.

The attenuated strain of Junin virus, XJ-clone 3, and caffeine can synergistically increase chromosomal aberrations in guinea pigs, suggesting a mutagenic effect of the attenuated strain.

Caffeine-induced enhancement of chromosome damage in human lymphocytes treated with methyl-methanesulphonate, mitomycin C and X-rays.

Caffeine enhances chromosome damage in human lymphocytes by inhibiting post-replication repair processes, potentially leading to increased chromosome instability.

[EVALUATION OF THE CYTOGENETIC AND MUTAGEN-MODIFYING ACTIVITY OF CAFFEINE IN MOUSE BONE MARROW CELLS].

Caffeine has no cytogenetic activity in vivo and can have a multidirectional effect on the cytogenetic effects of certain chemical mutagens in some processing modes.

Anthramycin-induced sister-chromatid exchange and caffeine potentiation in the chromosomes of Indian muntjac.

Caffeine and anthramycin both inhibit cell-cycle progression, but caffeine potentiation increases chromosome aberrations in Indian muntjac skin fibroblasts, likely due to inhibition of cell cycle and failure to repair DNA damage.

Effects of caffeine on the frequencies and location of chemically induced chromatid aberrations in barley

Caffeine increases the frequencies of chemically induced chromatid aberrations in barley, with MNNG-induced aberrations showing a more pronounced effect.

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