iq development age

Introduction

The development of intelligence quotient (IQ) over time is a critical area of study in developmental psychology. Understanding how early developmental milestones, genetic and environmental factors, and specific interventions influence IQ can provide valuable insights into cognitive development and inform educational and therapeutic strategies.

Key Insights

Early Developmental Milestones and Later IQ:
- Developmental milestones at 24 months predict a significant portion of later IQ variance, with early language skills being particularly strong predictors of later IQ.
- IQ scores in young autistic children are stable and predictive of later IQ, especially when the same test is used at both assessments and when children are assessed at 4 years or older.
Genetic and Environmental Influences:
- The influence of shared environment on IQ decreases over time, while heritability increases, showing early stability in genetic influences on IQ.
- Non-shared environmental factors contribute almost exclusively to changes in IQ from age to age.
Impact of Early Interventions:
- Children with higher IQs and younger ages at the time of admission to intensive treatment programs are more likely to be placed in regular education classes later, highlighting the importance of early intervention.
- Children removed from institutional care and placed into foster care show significant gains in IQ, with continued benefits observed up to age 12.
Role of Schooling:
- Schooling has a larger effect on the increase of intelligence test scores compared to chronological age, particularly on verbal tests.
IQ and Long-term Outcomes:
- IQ assessed at ages 8-9 years is related to later educational and occupational outcomes, although its relationship with social adjustment outcomes is mediated by childhood conduct problems and family social circumstances.
Developmental Trajectories in Specific Populations:
- Boys with fragile X syndrome show a decline in IQ scores during early puberty, with those having higher pretest IQs more likely to experience declines before age 10.

Conclusion

The development of IQ is influenced by a combination of early developmental milestones, genetic and environmental factors, and the timing and nature of interventions. Early language skills and developmental milestones are strong predictors of later IQ, while genetic influences become more stable over time. Early interventions, particularly those involving educational and caregiving environments, can significantly impact IQ development. Schooling plays a crucial role in enhancing IQ, especially in verbal domains. Long-term outcomes related to IQ are closely tied to educational and occupational achievements, with early childhood conditions and interventions playing a pivotal role in shaping these trajectories.

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Iq development age

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Do developmental milestones at 4, 8, 12 and 24 months predict IQ at 5-6 years old? Results of the EDEN mother-child cohort.

Developmental milestones at 4, 8, 12 and 24 months predict IQ at 5-6 years old, with early language skills being the most strongly predictive cognitive domain.

The Developmental Etiology of High IQ

High IQ development is primarily influenced by genetic factors, with shared environment decreasing and non-shared environment primarily contributing to age-to-age changes.

A classical IQ model of the stages of cognitive development

The classical IQ model accurately predicts cognitive development stages in individuals aged 13-17 years, highlighting the importance of general cognitive capacity in differential psychology.

The role of age at assessment, developmental level, and test in the stability of intelligence scores in young autistic children

Intelligence scores in young autistic children are more stable and predictable when used at both initial and reassessment, and when children are 4 years or older.

Age and IQ at Intake as Predictors of Placement for Young Children with Autism: A Four- to Six-Year Follow-Up

Higher IQ and younger age predict regular education placement for children with autism, while lower IQ and older age are linked to special education placement.

Show me the child at seven II: Childhood intelligence and later outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood.

Early intelligence in middle childhood is strongly related to later academic achievement and income, but not crime, mental health, sexual behavior, or illicit substance dependence.

Age versus schooling effects on intelligence development.

Schooling is the major factor underlying the increase in intelligence test scores as children age, with a larger effect on verbal tests than nonverbal tests.

Does age moderate the effect of IQ on the differentiation of cognitive abilities during childhood

IQ-related differentiation in cognitive abilities occurs during childhood, with higher IQ individuals showing stronger relationships among subtests as they age.

Developmental implications of changing trajectories of IQ in males with fragile X syndrome.

Males with fragile X syndrome show a decline in IQ scores, with the most marked declines seen during early puberty, suggesting a slowing of intellectual development associated with puberty onset.

IQ at age 12 following a history of institutional care: Findings from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project.

Foster care intervention significantly improves IQ in children aged 12 compared to prolonged institutional care, with attachment security being a significant predictor of stable, typical IQ scores over time.

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