radar

Introduction

Radar technology, an acronym for "radio detection and ranging," has evolved significantly since its inception. It is used in various applications, including target detection, tracking, imaging, and classification. Recent advancements in radar systems have focused on improving resolution, coverage, and processing capabilities, leveraging both traditional electronic methods and emerging photonic technologies.

Key Insights

Photonics-Based Radar Systems:
- Photonics-based radar systems offer high precision and ultrawide bandwidth, enabling flexible generation and detection of stable radio-frequency signals without the need for noisy analogue up- and downconversions. These systems outperform traditional electronics at carrier frequencies above two gigahertz .
High-Resolution and Real-Time Processing:
- Advances in ultra-wideband technology, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and signal processing have significantly improved radar's detection accuracy and resolution. Modern radars now support real-time processing capabilities, essential for applications requiring low latency and high data throughput.
Microwave Photonic Technologies:
- Microwave photonics provide broad bandwidth, low loss transmission, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, making them ideal for high-performance radar systems. These technologies enhance radar's functionality, precision, and response time, which are crucial for future intelligent systems.
Spectrum Management and Engineering:
- The electromagnetic spectrum is a finite resource with increasing demand across various applications. Effective spectrum management, including improved transmitter spectral purity and cognitive approaches, is essential to mitigate congestion and optimize radar performance.
Planetary Radar Astronomy:
- Radar has been instrumental in planetary astronomy, providing detailed information about solar system bodies. It allows for spatial resolution through time delay and Doppler frequency measurements, aiding in the study of geological and dynamical properties of celestial objects.
Distributed Array Radar (DAR):
- DAR systems use coherently internetted mini-radars to form a long baseline, very thinned array. This configuration enhances target location accuracy and offers efficient surveillance and tracking capabilities.
Sub-Nyquist Radar Systems:
- Sub-Nyquist radars reduce system complexity by exploiting prior information about the received signal's structure. These systems are beneficial for various applications, including through-the-wall, ground-penetration, automotive, and weather radars.

Conclusion

Radar technology continues to advance, driven by innovations in photonics, signal processing, and spectrum management. Photonics-based radar systems and microwave photonic technologies offer significant improvements in precision and bandwidth. High-resolution and real-time processing capabilities are now essential for modern radar applications. Effective spectrum management is crucial to address the growing demand for bandwidth. Additionally, specialized radar systems like planetary radar astronomy and distributed array radar provide unique capabilities for specific applications. These advancements collectively enhance radar's functionality, making it a vital tool for both civilian and military uses.

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Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

RADARS, a bioinformatics solution that automates proteome mass spectral analysis, optimises protein identification, and archives data in a relational database

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A fully photonics-based coherent radar system, using a single pulsed laser for both signal generation and detection, demonstrates high performance and precision in detecting non-cooperating aeroplanes at carrier frequencies above two gigahertz.

RADAR

RADAR is a promising tool for identifying patients with a positive sixth vital sign, with a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 83%, and positive predictive value of 71%.

Microwave Photonic Radars

Microwave photonics technologies offer improved resolution, coverage, and speed for radars, offering advantages over traditional electronics.

Planetary radar astronomy

Planetary radar astronomy has provided valuable information on solar system bodies, establishing the scale of the solar system, improving planetary ephemerides, and constraining gravitational theories.

High resolution radar real-time signal and information processing

High-resolution radar and real-time signal and information processing technology improve detection accuracy and resolution, while maintaining low-latency and real-time processing capabilities under size, weight, and power constraints.

Sub-Nyquist Radar Systems: Temporal, Spectral, and Spatial Compression

Sub-Nyquist radars reduce complexity in classic radar systems by exploiting prior information on target signal structure, offering potential applications in tracking, imaging, and classification.

Radar Spectrum Engineering and Management: Technical and Regulatory Issues

This paper explores various technical and regulatory approaches to address radar spectrum congestion, including improved transmitter spectral purity, passive radar, and intelligent, cognitive approaches that optimize spectrum use.

High-frequency radars : physical limitations and recent developments

High-frequency radars can effectively sense ocean surface currents and gravity waves, but their performance is limited by physical constraints and technical design.

Distributed Array Radar

Distributed array radar (DAR) effectively performs surveillance and tracking using coherently internetted mini-radars, offering accurate target location and efficient target tracking.

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