How is sunburn treated?
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Effective Sunburn Treatment Methods
Introduction to Sunburn Treatment
Sunburn, characterized by erythema, edema, and sometimes blister formation, is a common consequence of excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The primary goal in treating sunburn is to alleviate symptoms such as pain, redness, and itching, while promoting skin healing and preventing further damage.
Pharmacologic Agents in Sunburn Management
Corticosteroids and NSAIDs
Several studies have explored the use of pharmacologic agents like corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for sunburn treatment. However, the majority of these studies concluded that these treatments are generally ineffective in significantly reducing recovery time or improving symptoms1 4 6. For instance, a randomized, double-blind clinical trial found that topical corticosteroids did not provide a clinically useful decrease in the acute sunburn reaction when applied 6 or 23 hours after UV exposure4.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants such as vitamins C and E have shown some promise in reducing sunburn severity. A study demonstrated that combined systemic administration of these vitamins increased the minimal erythema dose (MED) and decreased cutaneous blood flow, indicating a protective effect against sunburn7. Another study highlighted the potential of an antioxidative combination containing carotenoids, selenium, and proanthocyanidins in reducing UV-induced erythema and matrix metalloproteinases, which are involved in skin damage9.
Natural and Herbal Remedies
Herbal Preparations
Herbal preparations have been investigated for their effectiveness in treating sunburn. Extracts from plants such as Aloe vera, Centella asiatica, and Matricaria chamomilla have shown potential in reducing inflammation and promoting healing3 5. These natural remedies are often favored for their antibacterial properties, safety, and cost-effectiveness, making them a competitive alternative to conventional treatments.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has also been studied for its effects on sunburn. Research on mice indicated that omega-3 PUFA-enriched fish oil decreased UVB-induced photodamage and accelerated wound healing by modulating inflammation and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities8.
Symptomatic Treatment
Given the lack of consensus on a definitive treatment algorithm, the most practical approach to managing acute sunburn remains symptomatic treatment. This includes the use of cool compresses, moisturizers, and over-the-counter pain relievers to alleviate discomfort and support the skin's natural healing process1 2.
Conclusion
While various treatments have been explored for sunburn, including pharmacologic agents, antioxidants, and herbal remedies, there is no universally accepted method that significantly accelerates recovery. Symptomatic treatment remains the cornerstone of sunburn management, with prevention being the best strategy to avoid the harmful effects of UV radiation. Further research is needed to establish more effective and evidence-based treatments for sunburn.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Management of Acute Sunburn
Acute sunburn management is most effective and practical by treating symptoms, as corticosteroids, NSAIDs, antioxidants, antihistamines, and emollients show ineffectiveness in reducing recovery time.
Systematic ReviewHow I Manage Sunburn.
Preventing sunburn damage is the best treatment for sunburn damage, as it reduces the risk of skin cancer and other skin damage.
The Potential of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products in the Treatment of Burns and Sunburn—A Review
Herbal preparations, such as extracts from Albizia julibrissin, Aloe vera, and Centella asiatica, show potential in treating burn wounds and sunburn, with potential synergistic effects.
Systematic ReviewTopical corticosteroids in the treatment of acute sunburn: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
Topical moderate-potency or high-potency corticosteroids do not provide a clinically useful decrease in acute sunburn reaction when applied 6 or 23 hours after UV exposure.
RCTMedicinal plants in burns treatment – a systematic review
Herbal-derived compounds show potential as a competitive alternative to conventional treatments for burns and sunburns, but more clinical trials are needed to assess their effectiveness and safety profiles.
Systematic ReviewEffect of topical corticosteroids on symptoms of clinical sunburn.
Topical corticosteroids do not significantly improve symptoms of mild to moderate sunburn compared to an inert carrier base.
RCTProtective effect against sunburn of combined systemic ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and d-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E).
Combined vitamins C and E reduce sunburn reactions, potentially reducing the risk of long-term UV-induced skin damage.
RCT
Highly CitedDietary supplementation with N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid‐enriched fish oil promotes wound healing after ultraviolet B‐induced sunburn in mice
N-3 PUFA-enriched fish oil reduces sunburn damage and accelerates wound healing in mice by modulating macrophage phenotypic polarization and antioxidant enzyme activities.
RCT
Animal StudyPhotoprotection of UV-Irradiated Human Skin: An Antioxidative Combination of Vitamins E and C, Carotenoids, Selenium and Proanthocyanidins
Seresis, an antioxidative combination of vitamins E and C, carotenoids, selenium, and proanthocyanidins, can slow down the development and grade of UVB-induced erythema, potentially preventing sunburn and chronic skin damage.
RCTHighly CitedON SUNBURN: AN ORALLY EFFECTIVE CURE
Orally administered epsom salts show promise as an effective and promising treatment for sunburn, offering immediate relief and reducing the need for prescription medications.
Try another search
What are the ethical considerations in the collection and use of data for health research and policy making?
What is the potential of bioinformatics in advancing personalized healthcare and genomic medicine?
The impact of microtransactions, loot boxes, and in-game purchases on consumer behavior, regulation, and ethical gaming practices.
breeding gourami fish
How do we address public perceptions and concerns about biotechnology?
Can chiropractors cause strokes