What are the symptoms of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)?

Introduction

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe respiratory disease caused by infection with hantaviruses. It is characterized by symptoms ranging from a flu-like illness to severe respiratory distress and organ dysfunction.

Key Insights from Research Papers

HPS often begins with a febrile prodrome, progressing to severe noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and respiratory failure.
Patients with HPS exhibit high levels of cytokine-producing cells in lung tissues, suggesting that cytokine production plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
High viral loads in the blood of HPS patients are correlated with disease severity, indicating that viral load may be a factor in the pathogenesis.
Clinical symptoms such as myalgias, nausea, and diarrhea, along with laboratory findings like thrombocytopenia and hemoconcentration, are more common in HPS patients compared to those without the disease.
HPS can also present with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), showing systemic manifestations and vascular leakage in various organs.
An outbreak in Chile suggested possible person-to-person transmission in some cases, and high densities of rodent reservoirs were noted.
Early hospital care is critical, as the time from symptom onset to hospitalization is short, and rapid progression to severe stages is common.
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in HPS include ground glass opacities and interlobular septal thickening, with pleural effusion and peribronchovascular thickening also observed.
The disease has a spectrum of microscopic morphological changes in the lungs, with widespread presence of hantaviral antigens in endothelial cells.
Some cases of HPS in the southeastern United States also present with renal insufficiency and myositis, suggesting regional clinical variations.

Conclusion

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome manifests with a range of symptoms from mild flu-like illness to severe respiratory distress and organ dysfunction. Key clinical features include fever, pulmonary edema, and cytokine production in lung tissues. High viral loads are associated with disease severity. Specific symptoms and laboratory findings such as myalgias, nausea, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration help distinguish HPS from other conditions. Imaging and histopathological findings support the diagnosis, and regional variations in clinical presentation may occur. Early recognition and hospital care are crucial due to the rapid progression of the disease.

What are the symptoms of Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights from Research Papers

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in an adolescent.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a fatal viral zoonosis caused by three newly identified hantaviruses, with a febrile prodrome and severe noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.

High levels of cytokine-producing cells in the lung tissues of patients with fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

High levels of cytokine-producing cells are found in the lung tissues of fatal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome patients, suggesting a role for local cytokine production in the pathogenesis of this fatal disease.

High levels of viremia in patients with the Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

High levels of viremia in patients with Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome are associated with peak hematocrit and platelet count, and decrease rapidly after fever resolution.

Discriminators between hantavirus-infected and -uninfected persons enrolled in a trial of intravenous ribavirin for presumptive hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) patients are more likely to report myalgias, nausea, and diarrhea, and have shorter hospitalizations than hantavirus-negative patients.

Spectrum of hantavirus infection: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, both immunopathologic diseases involving inflammatory mediators.

An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Chile, 1997.

An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southern Chile in 1997 was linked to high densities of sigmodontine rodents and person-to-person transmission.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe and potentially fatal respiratory infection caused by the Sin Nombre virus, with a history of rodent contact in 100% of cases and a 3.6-day hospitalization time.

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: High-resolution Computed Tomography Findings.

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in hantavirus pulmonary syndrome patients show ground glass opacities and smooth interlobular septal thickening, with potential implications for diagnosis and treatment.

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: Pathogenesis of an Emerging Infectious Disease

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a newly recognized, often fatal disease caused by a previously unrecognized hantavirus, and may be an important cause of severe and fatal adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, renal insufficiency, and myositis associated with infection by Bayou hantavirus.

Bayou hantavirus infection in the southeastern United States can cause both pulmonary and renal manifestations, supporting differences between western and southeastern forms of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

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