What are the effects of ginkgo balboa on cognition?

Introduction

Ginkgo biloba, a traditional herbal remedy, has been widely studied for its potential cognitive benefits. Extracts from its leaves are believed to improve various aspects of cognitive function, including memory, attention, and overall cognitive performance. This synthesis aims to present the key findings from multiple research papers on the effects of Ginkgo biloba on cognition.

Key Insights

Improvement in Attention and Memory in Healthy Individuals
- Acute administration of Ginkgo biloba significantly improves the speed of attention in healthy young volunteers, with effects lasting up to 6 hours.
- A combination of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng enhances memory quality in healthy middle-aged volunteers, showing improvements in both working and long-term memory.
- A 30-day administration of Ginkgo biloba in healthy participants leads to significant improvements in speed of information processing, working memory, and executive processing.
Cognitive Benefits in Elderly and Dementia Patients
- Ginkgo biloba shows benefits in cognitive performance and daily living activities in elderly non-demented individuals, including improved cerebral perfusion and reduced blood viscosity.
- In patients with dementia or age-associated memory impairment, Ginkgo biloba (dose >200 mg/day) shows cognitive benefits at 12 weeks, but the evidence is inconsistent and not convincing for long-term benefits .
- Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 improves cognitive function in patients with dementia, with significant improvements in cognitive scores and daily living activities over a 24-week period.
Mechanisms and Safety
- Ginkgo biloba is thought to work by increasing blood supply to the brain, reducing blood viscosity, modifying neurotransmitter systems, and reducing oxidative stress .
- The extract is generally safe with no significant side effects compared to placebo, although there are isolated reports of bleeding complications.

Conclusion

Ginkgo biloba appears to offer cognitive benefits, particularly in improving attention and memory in healthy individuals and enhancing cognitive function in elderly and dementia patients. While the mechanisms of action are varied and include improved cerebral blood flow and antioxidant effects, the evidence for long-term benefits in dementia is mixed. Overall, Ginkgo biloba is considered safe for use with minimal side effects. Further research is needed to clarify its long-term efficacy and optimal dosage.

What are the effects of ginkgo balboa on cognition?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

The dose-dependent cognitive effects of acute administration of Ginkgo biloba to healthy young volunteers

Acute administration of Ginkgo biloba can produce a sustained improvement in attention in healthy young volunteers.

Cognitive Psychophysiology in Nootropic Drug Research: Effects of Ginkgo biloba on Event-related Potentials (P300) in Age-associated Memory Impairment

Ginkgo biloba extract Ginkobene may shorten P300 latency in age-associated memory impairment patients, potentially reflecting shorter stimulus-evaluation time.

Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia.

Ginkgo biloba may show benefits for cognitive impairment and dementia, but its safety and effectiveness in daily living tasks remain unclear.

Cognitive performance, SPECT, and blood viscosity in elderly non-demented people using Ginkgo biloba.

Ginkgo biloba extract may improve cognitive performance and reduce blood viscosity in elderly individuals without causing cognitive deterioration.

Clinical improvement of memory and other cognitive functions by Ginkgo biloba: review of relevant literature.

Ginkgo biloba extract can improve memory, concentration, alertness, and tinnitus in dementia patients, with a 25% reduction in cognitive symptoms and a tolerable side-effect profile.

Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in dementia: intent-to-treat analyses of a 24-week, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 improves cognitive function in dementia patients, with a significant improvement observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

The memory enhancing effects of a Ginkgo biloba/Panax ginseng combination in healthy middle-aged volunteers

A Ginkgo biloba/Panax ginseng combination significantly improves memory quality in healthy middle-aged volunteers, with an average improvement of 7.5% across various aspects of memory.

Ginkgo for elderly people with dementia and age-associated memory impairment: a randomized clinical trial.

Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 showed no significant improvement in cognitive functioning or behavioral functioning for elderly patients with dementia or age-associated memory impairment.

The efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease.

Ginkgo biloba extract has a small but significant effect on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease patients, with no significant adverse effects in formal clinical trials.

Neuropsychological changes after 30-day Ginkgo biloba administration in healthy participants.

Ginkgo biloba extract significantly improves working memory and executive processing speed in healthy individuals after a 30-day treatment.

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