Footwear habit affect HVA
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Impact of Footwear Habits on Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA)
Introduction to Hallux Valgus and Footwear Fit
Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe. One of the significant factors contributing to the development of hallux valgus is the fit of footwear. Poorly fitting shoes, especially those that are too short or have an inappropriate toe box, can exacerbate this condition.
Poor Footwear Fit and HVA in Schoolchildren
A study conducted on Andalusian schoolchildren highlights the relationship between poorly fitting footwear and the development of hallux valgus. The research found that 38.5% of the children wore shoes that were too short, with boys experiencing the worst fit. This poor fit was strongly correlated with an increase in the hallux valgus angle (HVA), particularly in 10-year-old boys and 9-year-old girls. The study underscores the importance of ensuring that children's shoes accommodate their rapidly growing feet to prevent the onset of hallux valgus.
Global Analysis of HVA and Footwear Fit
An extensive study involving 3D foot scans from North America, Europe, and Asia provides further insights into the relationship between footwear habits and HVA. This research revealed that the forefoot is the most affected area by ill-fitting shoes. The study also found significant variations in HVA across different populations, with females and individuals from Asia exhibiting larger HVAs compared to their counterparts in North America and Europe. This suggests that cultural and regional differences in footwear styles and habits may influence the development of hallux valgus.
Gender and Regional Differences in HVA
The global analysis also highlighted that females generally have larger HVAs than males, which could be attributed to the types of footwear commonly worn by women, such as high heels and narrow-toed shoes. Additionally, the larger HVAs observed in Asian populations may be linked to traditional footwear styles that do not adequately support the natural shape of the foot.
Conclusion
The evidence clearly indicates that poorly fitting footwear is a significant risk factor for the development of hallux valgus. Both the length and shape of shoes play crucial roles in this condition. Ensuring proper footwear fit, especially during the rapid growth phases in children, and considering cultural and gender-specific footwear habits are essential steps in mitigating the risk of hallux valgus. Future footwear designs should prioritize accommodating the natural shape and size of the foot to prevent this common deformity.
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