Does resistant exercise affect irisin
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The Impact of Resistance Exercise on Irisin Levels
Introduction to Irisin and Exercise
Irisin is a myokine, a type of protein released by muscle cells in response to physical activity. It has garnered significant attention for its potential role in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise, particularly in relation to metabolic health and insulin sensitivity. This article explores the specific impact of resistance exercise on irisin levels, drawing on findings from multiple research studies.
Resistance Exercise vs. Endurance Exercise
Research indicates that resistance exercise induces a more pronounced irisin response compared to endurance exercise. A study involving healthy males demonstrated that plasma irisin concentrations significantly increased one hour after resistance exercise, but not after endurance exercise or a combination of both1. This suggests that resistance exercise might be more effective in stimulating irisin release.
Chronic Resistance Training and Irisin
Chronic resistance training also appears to elevate circulating irisin levels, particularly in older adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found a non-significant trend towards increased irisin levels following resistance training, with significant increases observed in older adults and when the training was demanding and progressive3. Another study confirmed that 12 weeks of resistance training significantly increased serum irisin levels in older male adults, with a notable correlation between reduced body fat percentage and increased irisin levels5.
Resistance Training in Different Populations
The effects of resistance training on irisin levels have been studied across various populations, including those with metabolic syndrome. In a randomized controlled trial involving overweight women with metabolic syndrome, resistance exercise did not significantly change serum irisin levels over an 8-week period. However, muscle mass increased significantly, and body fat percentage decreased across all exercise groups2. This suggests that while irisin levels may not always change, resistance training still offers substantial metabolic benefits.
Mechanisms and Correlations
The mechanisms by which resistance exercise influences irisin levels are still being explored. One study on aging mice and humans found that resistance training increased irisin expression in both serum and muscle tissue, correlating positively with improvements in muscle strength and function4. Additionally, irisin has been linked to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced inflammation, which are critical factors in managing metabolic disorders8.
Combined Exercise Interventions
Combining resistance exercise with other forms of training, such as aerobic exercise, can also impact irisin levels. A study on males with metabolic syndrome showed that combined aerobic and resistance exercise led to more favorable changes in body composition and metabolic markers compared to aerobic exercise alone10. This highlights the potential benefits of incorporating multiple exercise modalities for comprehensive health improvements.
Conclusion
In summary, resistance exercise has a significant impact on irisin levels, particularly when performed consistently and progressively. While the response may vary based on factors such as age and health status, resistance training consistently shows benefits in muscle function, body composition, and metabolic health. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and optimize exercise protocols for enhancing irisin levels and related health outcomes.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Resistance exercise induces a greater irisin response than endurance exercise.
Resistance exercise induces greater irisin responses than endurance exercise alone and resistance and endurance exercises combined.
RCT
Highly CitedThe effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercises on the plasma irisin levels, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles in women with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
A systematic exercise program for 8 weeks did not change circulating irisin, but serum irisin is independently associated with glycemic status, body fat, and weight in overweight women with metabolic syndrome.
RCT
Very Rigorous JournalEffect of Chronic Resistance Training on Circulating Irisin: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Chronic resistance training programs may increase circulating irisin, particularly in older adults and demanding and progressive training programs.
Meta-Analysis
Rigorous JournalResistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans
Resistance exercise training improves muscle strength and function in aging mice and humans without affecting body composition.
RCTHighly CitedEffects of 12 Weeks Resistance Training on Serum Irisin in Older Male Adults
Resistance training for 12 weeks significantly increases serum irisin levels in older male adults, potentially regulating body fat levels.
RCTA Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of 12 Weeks of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Exercises Training on the Serum Levels of Nesfatin-1, Irisin-1 and HOMA-IR
A 12-week exercise program significantly improved glycemic and anthropometric indices, reduced fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR in overweight women with metabolic syndrome.
RCTThe effect of exercise interventions on Irisin level: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Exercise interventions may improve circulating irisin levels and reduce insulin, glucose, and insulin resistance in adults.
Meta-AnalysisRigorous JournalMolecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance
Irisin, a novel myokine, regulates the effects of exercise on insulin resistance by promoting glucose uptake, improving mitochondrial function, alleviating obesity, and decreasing inflammation.
Eccentric resistance training and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free acid affects muscle PGC-1α expression and serum irisin, nesfatin-1 and resistin in rats
Eccentric resistance training and HMB-FA supplementation together increase maximal muscle strength and induce crosstalk between peptide release from other tissues in rats.
RCT
Animal StudyRigorous JournalEffect of Exercise Interventions on Irisin and Interleukin-6 Concentrations and Indicators of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Males with Metabolic Syndrome
Aerobic-resistance exercise led to greater reduction in interleukin-6 and insulin levels and more favorable changes in body composition than aerobic training alone in males with metabolic syndrome.
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