Crane Fly: What to Know

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Understanding the biology and impact of crane flies is essential for effective management, particularly in turf and agricultural settings. The research from Washington highlights the importance of timely and appropriate application of insecticides to control crane fly larvae populations. By implementing these strategies, it is possible to mitigate the damage caused by these pests and maintain healthy landscapes.

Crane flies, often mistaken for large mosquitoes, are a common sight in many regions. Despite their harmless nature to humans, they can pose significant challenges in agricultural and turf management settings. This article delves into the essential aspects of crane fly biology, their impact, and control measures, with a focus on findings from research conducted in Washington.

Biology and Identification

Crane flies belong to the family Tipulidae and are characterized by their long legs and slender bodies. Adult crane flies are typically seen in late summer and fall, while their larvae, known as leatherjackets, are present in the soil and can cause damage to plant roots and turf.

Impact on Turf and Agriculture

Crane fly larvae are known to feed on the roots of grasses and other plants, leading to significant damage in lawns, golf courses, and agricultural fields. The feeding activity of the larvae can result in brown patches on turf and weakened plants, making effective control measures crucial for maintaining healthy landscapes.

Control Measures

Research conducted in Washington in 1979 provides valuable insights into effective control strategies for crane fly larvae. The study evaluated various turf insecticide formulations on golf courses at Useless Bay and Snohomish. Despite some challenges, such as low larval populations at Useless Bay and suboptimal treatment timing at Snohomish, the trials offered important data on the efficacy of different treatments.

Key Findings

• Treatment Application: Both liquid and granular insecticide formulations were tested. Liquid formulations were applied at a rate of 30 gallons per 1000 square feet, except for one formulation applied at 15 gallons per 1000 square feet. Granular formulations were watered-in with 30 gallons per 1000 square feet1.
• Sampling and Results: Sampling involved counting the number of living crane fly larvae in soil cores. The treatment dates were April 23, 1979, at Useless Bay and May 17, 1979, at Snohomish, with sample dates on June 4 and June 6, 19791.